About Laura M. Foley Design

Laura Foley has over twenty years' experience in creative design, graphic production, project management, and marketing. Ms. Foley has experience in crafting in a wide variety of visual communication projects, including corporate identity, marketing materials, and PowerPoint presentations. When needed, she works with her team of copywriters, videographers, and printers to provide her clients with all the services necessary to create a successful campaign.

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2009 Design Dispatches

 

December 2009

A Gift For You

Well Designed Sites Make it Easy to Give

Tis the Season to Typeset Creatively

November 2009

Cheating Death by PowerPoint

Stop & Shop, Walmart Roll Out New Package Designs

Best. Vending Machine. Ever.

"Red"box at Walmart

October 2009

Excellent Subway Maps in NYC

The 10/20/30 Rule of PowerPoint

Public Works Signage, Now and Then

Wonderful Grocery Store Signage

September 2009

The Servant Becomes the Master

IKEA Enrages Designers With New Font

Just Fix the Floor, Already!

August 2009

Ingenious envelope provides green solution

If I take this free pen, am I stealing?

Get a designer look with customized Word templates

OK, OK, I'll sign, just don't tow my car!

Partner Spotlight: GMA Writing Services

July 2009

Lunchables grow up

IBM hits direct mail paydirt

06.10.09 Flash Makes Site Super-Sticky

05.27.09 Don't Make Me Think!

05.13.09 The Complete Package

04.29.09 Do-Over! Tropicana Rebranding Flops

04.08.09 Gee, That Logo Looks Familiar!

03.18.09 Wasting Time Creatively

03.04.09 "Sherman, please set the WABAC Machine for 1996!"

02.18.09 Uh Oh, Typo!

02.04.09 Visualizing Data

01.21.09 Freelancers a Good Value in Tough Times

01.07.09 New Packaging for an Ancient Product

2008 Design Dispatches

12.10.08 More Type Tricks

11.26.08 Happy Thanksgiving

11.12.08 New Looks for Two Old Retailers

10.29.08 Scary Marketing Mistake--Oh, What a Tease!

10.22.08 Human Type

10.01.08 Customer Service and Then Some

09.17.08 Elevator Pitches

09.03.08 Word Clouds

08.13.08 New Logo Coming Soon!

07.30.08 "Lemonade Stand" Advertising

07.09.08 Digging For Treasure On Your Web Site

06.25.08 Championing Streamlined Communication Frameworks

06.11.08 PowerPoint at the Improv

05.28.08 Location, Location, Location

05.14.08 Grassroots Marketing

04.30.08 Client Spotlight: Northeast Promotion & Apparel Co., Inc.

04.16.08 Negative Publicity Carries Controversial Product

04.02.08 Logos Are More Powerful Than You Think

03.19.08 Seeing Double

03.05.08 Ligatures, Sweet Ligatures

02.13.08 Bad Typography...The Straight Dope on Straight Quotes

01.30.08 Sew...Where Did Our Brand Go?

01.16.08 Cool Typography

01.02.08 Embossing Your Print Around

 

2007 Design Dispatches

12.12.07 Serif, Sans-Serif, and Slab, Oh My!

11.28.07 Taking My Own Advice

11.21.07 Happy Thanksgiving

11.14.07 Get Professional Help

10.31.07 The Scariest Design Mistakes!

10.17.07 Online Photos and Intellectual Property Rights

10.03.07 Will This Marketing Never Cease?

09.19.07 Business Card Basics

09.05.07 What is an Enhanced PDF?

08.22.07 Photos Don't Lie, Do They?

08.01.07 Web Sites That Blather

07.11.07 "Make it Look Nice."

06.27.07 What Color Is Your Logo?

06.13.07 Design Standards Manuals

05.23.07 The Logo, The Whole Logo, and Nothing But the Logo

05.09.07 Watermarks

04.25.07 Newsletters

04.11.07 Am I Blue?

03.28.07 Death by PowerPoint

02.21.07 Reading Between the Lines

02.07.07 One Man's Guerrilla Marketing is Another Man's Terrorist Plot

01.31.07 Bitmapped vs. Vector Logos

01.24.07 Looking Down at Trade Shows

01.17.07 Copyrights and Wrongs

01.10.07 Apple Does It Again

01.03.07 Logos With Impact (Korean Air and Pepsi)

 

2006 Design Dispatches

12.27.06 Letterpress Printing

12.20.06 Paper Can Make the Difference

12.06.06 What's In It For Me?

11.22.06 Happy Thanksgiving! Or Maybe Happy Groundhog Day...

11.15.06 Direct Mail to a Captive Audience

11.08.06 Logo Re-Redesign

11.06.06 Color My World

10.25.06 The Power of Branding

10.11.06 Cropping Photos Effectively

10.04.06 How to Throw Your Marketing Budget Away

9.27.06 Typos are Attractive, But Not In a Good Way

 

2009 Design Dispatches

December 2009 Click here to download PDF instructions to fold an origami box

 

Here is a little something you can put together in your spare time: an origami folding box. I've given you all the instructions you need and three sheets of decorative paper. Feel free to forward the PDF file to your friends and coworkers.

Click here to download the artwork.

Happy holidays!

(Just in case you're wondering, I drew all the technical diagrams and designed the three decorative papers. Betcha didn't know I did that kind of thing!)

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Well-Designed Web Sites Make it Easy to Give

Charities have a tough time fundraising during a recession. With people scrambling to make ends meet, it's hard to think of giving money to others. But one independent charitable organization, GreaterGood.org, has found a way to make giving easy. They've made it free.

GreaterGood.org currently operates six interrelated Web sites:

The Hunger Site The Breast Cancer SiteThe Child Health Site

The Literacy SiteThe Rainforest Site The Animal Rescue Site

At the top of each page is a large button that reads "Click Here to Give - It's Free." Just click on the button, and your donation is made; all of the funds come from the site's commercial sponsors. In addition to the free donation link, each site offers jewelry, clothing, crafts, health and beauty products, and other merchandise from around the world. A portion of your purchase goes to the charity from whose page you bought the items.

Not only are these Web sites beautifully designed, they're very effective. Since its inception ten years ago, the Hunger Site has provided more than 657 million cups of food; the Breast Cancer Site has sponsored more than 11,000 free mammograms; the Child Health Site helps an average of 1,000 children every day; and last year the Literacy Site donated 489,367 books to children in the United States, the Rainforest Site preserved 517,475,013 square feet of rainforest, and the Animal Rescue Site provided 67,054,500 bowls of food to animals in shelters.

So with just the tiniest effort on your part you can make a big difference to improve our world. Click on the links above to get started today.

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Tis the Season to Typeset Creatively

Here are two examples of creative typesetting done for the Christmas season. Note that even the bank, with its dry data, has managed to inject a little humor and creativity into its advertising.

Creative Christmas season typesetting

Credit Union typeset Christmas tree

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November 2009

 

Cheating Death by PowerPoint

Have you ever sat through a lousy PowerPoint presentation where the speaker basically reads the slides to you, or the colors are so loud they give you a headache, or there is so much stuff packed onto each slide that you don't even know what's going on? Or maybe you're guilty of creating your own bad PowerPoint...? If you want to avoid making "Death by PowerPoint" presentations, this workshop is for you. This discussion of PowerPoint design will help you transform your presentations into powerful marketing tools.

In this free workshop you'll learn about some common PowerPoint mistakes and how to avoid them. You'll also learn how to create effective leave-behinds that will reinforce your message long after your presentation is done. At the end of the workshop, you'll view some participants' PowerPoint presentations and use your new skills to brainstorm ways to improve them. (If you have a PowerPoint presentation you'd like the class to critique, please send it to laura@lauramfoley.com by November 13.)

I have been making PowerPoint presentations less lousy since 1989 for organizations such as Atlas Venture, Kodiak Venture Partners, Polaris Venture Partners, and Tufts New England Medical Center. As the principal of Laura M. Foley Design, I help my clients communicate their messages visually with effective branding and marketing materials.

 

Death by PPT 4Death by PPT 1Death by PPT 3Death by PPT 2

Behold the majesty of PowerPoint! This is what you get using templates out of the box.

 

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Stop & Shop, Walmart Roll Out New Package Designs
A couple of months ago I told you about the new logos that Stop & Shop and Walmart unveiled this year. Now they both are rolling out new looks for their store brands. Here you can see some old vs. new comparisons:

Old and new sugar bag designs at Walmart

The old-style bags are on the left and the new bags are on the right. Notice the inclusion of a silhouetted product photograph on the new packaging, a hot trend right now.

Old and new butter packaging from Stop & Shop

The old box is on top, the new one on the bottom. I told you that silhouetted photos were a hot trend! Although I like the redesign overall, I prefer the typography on the old packaging. Come on, Stop & Shop...Palatino? Really?!?

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Best. Vending Machine. Ever.MooBella ice cream vending machine
Have you ever had a hankering The MooBella ice cream vending machine for freshly-churned, custom blended ice cream? If you have, then head on over to Worcester Polytechnic Institute, because they have the most amazing vending machine I have ever seen!

With the MooBella ice cream vending machine, people can select from among 96 possible combinations of flavors and mix-ins to get the ice cream of their dreams! After you make the flavor selections on the touchscreen, you only have to wait a short time for your customized dish of ice cream to be ready. Here are some close-up photos of the machine:

MooBella touchscreen

You make your selections with this touchscreen.

Inside the MooBella machine

Here's what the machine looks like on the inside.

I really like the graphics on the machine, especially how the cow face logo wraps around the corner. I also think that this technology is just plain cool!

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"Red"box at WalmartBlue Redbox at Walmart
Normally I wouldn't devote two articles to one company, but I couldn't resist this month. Walmart is a retail poThe blue Redbox at Walmartwerhouse, with the power to make its vendors jump through incredible hoops for the privilege of being able to sell their products in its thousands of stores worldwide. Nowhere is this more obvious than at the Redbox kiosk at Walmart.

As the name implies, the Redbox kiosk--a vending machine that allows people to rent popular DVDs at a low nightly rate--is a red box. Its entire brand identity rests on the fact that it the vending machine is a red box. Redbox. Are we clear?

Apparently, Walmart wasn't. Maybe the red color of the box was too close to the signature color of their arch rival, Target. I can only guess. All I know is that the Redbox at my local Walmart is blue, just like everything else there.

The power of branding, indeed.

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October 2009

 

Excellent Subway Maps in NYC
When it comes to the Boston subway system, I'm an old pro. But facing the New York City subway was like being a freshman all over again. Luckily, the NY Metropolitan Transit Authority has anticipated that many visitors won't have any idea where they're going, so they've made things a little easier with their dynamic subway maps. There were two dynamic map styles I saw in use on the trains. In the first kind, the next station is clearly marked as the "Next Stop" on the far left, and you can see upcoming stops as you look to the right on the map. It also lists the last stop so you can see where the train is ultimately headed. Every time the train leaves the station the map updates. The most interesting thing about this map is that it seems fully programmable so that if this particular train is moved to a different line the information would change, too.

Dynamic Metro map in NYC

This second type of map is for a specific train, since the names of the stops are printed on it. Lights below each station name show upcoming stops. When the light goes out, it indicates that the train has visited that station. Illuminated arrows show the direction of the train. Incidentally, the poster of the "fish subway" pictured below the map was commissioned by the NY Metropolitan Transit Authority as part of its Art for Transit program. This illustration is by Chris Gall, and prints of the poster can be purchased here.

Another dynamic Metro map in NYC

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The 10/20/30 Rule of PowerPoint
Last month, I attended a networking event and saw a number of PowerPoint presentations. Unfortunately, most of them suffered from "too-much-information-itis." You know what I'm talking about: hundreds of bullet points on a slide; tables with a million columns and rows; weird, arcane graphics with swooping arrows meant to illustrate interoperability/cycles/continuous improvement. Yikes.

Another attendee told me about Guy Kawasaki's 10/20/30 Rule of PowerPoint for entrepreneurs, which I'd like to share with you:

  • Your presentation should have no more than 10 slides
  • Your presentation should last no longer than 20 minutes
  • Your type should be no less than 30 points

These are some pretty bold statements, but they come from a man who, as a venture capitalist, sees hundreds of pitches. Kawasaki maintains that his 10/20/30 rule "is applicable for any presentation to reach agreement: for example, raising capital, making a sale, forming a partnership, etc." This approach is not for every kind of PowerPoint presentation. But it's always a good idea to limit the amount of stuff on your slides so that you, not the deck, are the main source of information. If you need to give your audience something to take home, a printout of the presentation with detailed notes can be produced. To read Guy Kawasaki's blog where he describes his 10/20/30 Rule of PowerPoint click here.

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Public Works Signage, Now and ThenBoring public works sign #1
Boring public works sign #2Everyone knows about the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, designed to stimulate the economy in part by funding public works projects.

Signs like these are posted near Massachusetts road construction projects that are funded by the ARRA. They do an OK job of advertising the source of the funds, but they're not pretty. Unlike the advertising signage produced by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in the 1930s-1940s.

The WPA was established in 1935 to counter the effects of the Great Depression, employing millions and funding a great many public works projects. Among the people given jobs were commercial artists, whose advertising posters are themselves works of art. Take a look at these images and see how they compare to today's public works propaganda.

WPA Work With Care sign

WPA Visit the Zoo sign

WPA Work Pays America sign

To view more WPA images, visit the Library of Congress Web site.

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Wonderful Grocery Store Signage

Gristedes Sign #1Gristedes is a New York City-based grocery store that has been in business for over a hundred years. But although the business is old, the signage is definitely modern. Ceiling over the produce section at GristedesIn the produce department of the Brooklyn Gristedes, some of the ceiling tiles have been replaced with oversized photographs of a variety of fruit and vegetables, creating an interesting checkerboard pattern. Gristedes posters seen from the streetAnd these posters, visible from the street, demonstrate a strong, flexible branding system that can be adapted for every department in the store. Overall, the store had a bright, open, and modern feel. It was almost like shopping at the grocery version of IKEA!

Gristedes Sign #2

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September 2009

 

The Servant Becomes the Master
My younger son, Jack, approached me the other day clutching a Transformer head in his chubby little hand. He asked me, "Is this a good guy or a bad guy?" So I looked it over and, not wanting to go by appearances, I examined the markings on the back. Since I can't tell a Decepticon (bad guy) from an Autobot (good guy), I handed the toy over to my older son, Henry. He instantly read the symbol as the Autobot logo. "You're a graphic designer!" he crowed. "That's a logo! You should have known that!"

I was served.

Just for the record, the Autobot logo looks like this:

Autobot logo

And the Decepticon logo looks like this:

Decepticon logo

Don't confuse the two, because you never know when this information will come in handy, such as knowing which 50-foot tall autonomous robot to befriend and when you need to show up a seven-year-old.

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IKEA Enrages Designers With New Font

New, uglier IKEA logo?IKEA, the Swedish furniture and houseware giant whose name is synonymous with clean design, has angered many customers by changing their house font from Futura to Verdana. According to IKEA, Verdana is more efficient and cost effective. But just because something is free doesn't mean it's good.

Read all about the controversy by clicking here.

Thanks to Mike F. and Nia C. for letting me know about this!

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Just fix the floor, already!

Photo of dangerous drop-off in restaurantIf there are too many warning signs, maybe the cause of the dangerous situation should be eliminated. That was my thought when I came across these signs at the edge of a raised dining area in a Massachusetts restaurant. Although you can't see it in the picture, there were in fact three signs telling people to watch their step, the two seen here and one off to the right. Also, the front of the raised area was marked with yellow and black warning tape.

Obviously, there have been some mishaps or else why would there be so many signs? Kudos to the restaurant for warning patrons of the danger. Boo to the restaurant that it's an issue in the first place.

Interior design can be a very important part of a business's branding strategy, especially when the business is open to the public. Interior design errors can interrupt the normal flow of traffic and, in this case, actually pose a risk. I'm sure the designer of this restaurant didn't envision the white letters stuck to the wooden knee wall, just as he didn't foresee the need for them. If the idea was to separate the dining area from the bar, this could have been done simply by changing the floor covering from wood to carpet.

Just as marketing materials need to change to meet evolving needs, so too should interior design change if the original idea isn't working out as planned. In some cases it's a problem of aesthetics, but in this case it is definitely a safety issue that should be dealt with.

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August 2009

 

Ingenious envelope provides green solution

EZ FaceOff envelopeA company called MailAgain sells envelopes that can be used twice, once for the outgoing mail and again for the reply. By rethinking the traditional way envelopes are constructed, Gary Emmot, president of MailAgain and inventor of the new envelopes, was able to come up with several different designs for applications such as CD/DVD returns and direct mail.

Besides being reusable, these envelopes also encourage interaction. The conspicuous "Open Me Now" labels on the flaps both instruct people on how to open the envelope without damaging it and tells the recipient how to respond. Plus, some envelope designs offer more marketing opportunities by revealing printing on the inside of the envelope.

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If I take this free pen, am I stealing?

BanditWhen I was signing the credit card slip at a restaurant, I saw that I had been given a pen imprinted with the name, address, and phone number of the business. Promotional giveaway items like pens, magnets, calendars, key chains, and the like are a good way to get your name out there in front of customers and prospects. But this pen had a cartoon image of a man jumping in surprise with a word balloon stating, "This pen once belonged to..."

I felt conflicted. Should I take the pen, thereby cementing my reputation as a petty thief, or should I leave it behind and prove my honesty? I decided not to take the pen, and that's when I realized that this kind of humor can easily backfire. Accusing people of theft might not be the best way to generate goodwill for a business.

Am I overthinking this? Maybe. After all, it's meant to be funny. And it's only a pen that probably cost the restaurant less than 50¢. But the message kept me from taking it and sharing the information with others. And that's bad for business.

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Get a designer look with customized Word templates

Designer Word logoMicrosoft Word is great for text-only files and quick communiques. But what if you want to create something with a bit more sizzle? Documents with graphics are more eye-catching, but unless you're prepared to learn some page layout techniques and wrestle with floating text frames it can be a big pain to create them. Or is it...?

By placing a full-page image in the background of a Word file, it's possible to create documents that look like they were laid out by a professional designer. Because, in fact, they have been.

Two of my clients recently asked me to create custom Word templates. One is a site visit announcement where the headline, copy, stock photo, and contact information remain the same; the meeting location, date, and time can be changed for each site visit. The other is a template for a memo that has a background similar to the company's data sheets. The background on the data sheets bleeds off the page, however, so I modified it so that it will still look good and not be cut off when printed on a standard office printer.

With custom templates it's easy to produce memorable, well designed documents without knowing anything about graphic design. Documents can be edited by anybody with even just a basic knowledge of Word. And the custom elements are placed in such a way that's they're impossible to edit and difficult to move.

Custom templates also have another advantage--cost. Once you own the template, you can use it over and over again, changing your message while keeping the designer look. So not only does it look like your documents have been professionally produced each time, your turnaround time is as fast as you need it to be.

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OK, OK, I'll sign, just don't tow my car!

Here's an example of a very negative message being used in an attempt to attract customers. Pictured here is one of three signs in the parking lot of a bank in Springfield, Massachusetts. It's the "good cop/bad cop" scenario played out in two dimensions. The bad cop tells you thatNasty sign you're going to be towed, really, you will! The good cop chimes in to let you know that if only you were a customer of the bank, you'd really love it! Although it doesn't explicitly state this, the sign implies that customers can park for free.

The use of Helvetica on the sign--a no-nonsense, highly legible font--shows that the bank really means business. ALL CAPS, boldface, and underlines are used for emphasis. And black and yellow are traditional warning colors seen everywhere from crime scene tape to radiation warning signs to yellowjacket wasps.

Is there a bank employee whose job is to periodically scan the parking lot, comparing the numbers of customers inside the building to cars outside? With ample metered on-street parking and a 75¢/hour parking garage next door, is parking in the bank's lot that much of a problem? True, the bank is close to a major arena, but when the bank is closed they could just secure the gate.

The threat of having one's car towed should not be a major factor in choosing a banking institution. This message just puts me off.

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Partner Spotlight

GMA Writing Services

When I am faced with a big copywriting job that requires in-depth research, interviews, or industry knowledge, I turn to one of my partners, Gail Anastas of GMA Writing Services. With her years of experience in a variety of industries--education, hospitality, legal, retail, manufacturing, insurance, and more--she provides the right balance of knowledge, experience, and neutrality.

I mention neutrality because often when a company attempts to write its own marketing copy it can become bogged down with messages that may be important to management but which don't resonate with the consumer. Although a company has solid information about itself, that doesn't always mean that they are equipped to tackle all of the subtleties of attracting their prospects' attention, drawing them in for more information, and making them irresistible offers they simply can't refuse! As Gail puts it, "To convert a prospect to a client you need more than just an information dump. You need a good, clear, compelling marketing message to be truly effective."

Gail writes effective copy for brochures, newsletters, Web sites, and other marketing materials. So the next time you need to come up with some sizzling copy that gets your customers and prospects motivated, let GMA Writing Services help you to generate copy that sells! Contact her by sending email or by calling (508) 936-0521.

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July 2009

 

Lunchables Grow Up

"I don't like the new box. These Lunchables took over the other Lunchables."

That's what my six-year-old son Henry had to say about the new packaging for Lunchables, a complete box lunch for kids put out by Kraft Foods. Now, as a parent I'm thrilled that Henry thinks the new packaging stinks, because maybe now he'll ask for them less often. After all, Kraft's idea of a wholesome lunch includes candy and corn syrup sweetened punch. But as a graphic designer I'm baffled as to why Kraft would make the packaging for this unabashedly kids' product grow up. Isn't having kids go nuts over the product part of the sales strategy?

The Lunchables brand has continued to evolve over time since its launch in 1988. The most recent packaging before this latest redesign was characterized by bold, dark colors, custom-designed lettering, graphics and type on an angle that imply movement and speed, and prominent tie-ins to stuff kids like: movies, theme parks, etc. In other words, the old box was a kid magnet.

The new packaging is much more subdued, with lots of blank space, more prominent treatment of the Lunchables logo and the food photography, a simple listing of the contents, and no visible product tie-ins. This looks very much like an effort to appeal directly to parents rather than to the kids, since now there is more emphasis on nutrition. Or maybe they're trying to ease the embarrassment of those grown-ups who actually bring Lunchables to work. I don't know.

To be fair, Kraft has worked to make Lunchables more nutritious than they used to be. But they remain a treat for my kids that they only rarely enjoy. The fact that they've redesigned the packaging to make them less appealing to kids can only help my cause. Now, if only I could get a LEGO tie-in to my box lunches...

Old Lunchables design

These are examples of the previous Lunchables packaging. The design practically smacks you in the face! What kid could resist?

New Lunchables designs

And here are the new Lunchables. Henry just about fell asleep when he saw the new packaging. Yawn.

Lunchables is a registered trademark of Kraft Foods, Inc.

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IBM Hits Direct Mail Paydirt

My husband Mike is an engineer with years of experience in computer hardware and software. The other day he received a package in the mail from IBM promoting Cognos, a business intelligence software tool that enables users to pinpoint and analyze corporate data in order to make better informed business decisions. Although he is not really the target user for this kind of product since he is not responsible for any business flow reporting, the package is a remarkable example of eye-catching direct mail with a solid call to action that even rewards the user for responding. Heck, it even rewarded him for opening the box!

This package had to have been pretty expensive to produce and distribute. The box is custom designed, with gloss full-color printing with a map theme, cut and folded in such a way that it only needed to be printed on one side. Inside, there is a small brochure glued to the package (so that it remains in the optimal viewing location) describing the software, and a small die-cut window that reveals a real, working compass. Finally, it was sent via FedEx ground, not the least expensive shipping option.

What makes this direct mail piece so much more compelling is the fact that it was customized specifically for Mike and offers him a chance to earn a valuable free gift. Using variable-data printing, the brochure reads "Dear Michael" instead of "Dear Purchasing Manager. Plus, a special Web site containing his name in the URL was set up for Mike to respond to the offer of attending a software demonstration. To thank him for 20 minutes of his time, they will give him a free GPS. Notice that they're rewarding Mike personally with the compass and the GPS. The marketers at IBM know that they do business with people, not companies, and that special offers that benefit a company as a whole tend not to be as effective as those that benefit an individual.

Why go to such great lengths to get Mike's attention? Because the software and all the support services are expensive, and a sale will more than offset the costs of the mailing. Although I was unable to find out exactly how much Cognos costs, I'm assuming that the price to customers such as TD Banknorth, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and Lufthansa must be pretty high.

As I mentioned earlier, Mike isn't really the person in the organization who would buy such software. It's important to remember that the more targeted the mailing, the more accurate the database needs to be. But since no database is 100% accurate, I give this direct mail piece very high marks. It might be a sales tactic that you could explore with your company.

Cognos direct mail piece, closed

Here's the outside of the box..

Cognos direct mail piece, open

Here's the box, opened up. Note the real compass inserted into the box.

Cognos direct mail piece, detail

Here's a closer look at the inside of the box.

Cognos is a registered trademark of IBM.

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June 10, 2009
Flash Makes Site Super-Sticky

I love a well-designed Web site. When everything comes together--cool graphics, easy access to information, no big blocks of text to slog through--it's a beautiful thing. The one-page Web site for Old Navy's brick-and-mortar stores carries out the brand's hip, irreverent image very well with its bright colors, Flash interactivity, and downloadable PDFs of the adventures of their latest spokespeople, the SuperModelquins. But the best part of the site in my opinion is the coupon game.

It's not obvious that there are any coupons to be found on the site. But if you click around on what the SMs are holding or on suspicious looking items on the site, a Flash animation is enabled. For instance, one time I dragged a tube of suntan lotion from one SM to another. It started painting a tan on the second SM.When the tan was complete, a pop-up appeared telling me that I'd found a coupon. There are several hidden coupons on the site, and each one you find is worth a discount at the cash register. What's more, if you're not satisfied with the amount of the discount, you can save that coupon and keep searching for more. If later on you decide to go back to an earlier coupon you found, you can do that too. Of course, while you're trying to find the hidden coupons you reveal other popups advertising the weekly specials.

What makes this site so engaging? For one thing, it rewards you for interacting with the site; in essence, Old Navy is paying you to click. And there are a limited number of coupons available, giving you a sense of urgency. Finally, the site is updated once a week, so there's always the chance that if you didn't win today you might win next time. In short, it's a game, and people like to play! Especially if they can win prizes.

This is, as they say, a very "sticky" Web site, one that engages users, encourages them to stay a while, and invites them back to visit every week. It's an excellent example of how a Web site is supposed to work!

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May 27, 2009
Don't Make Me Think!

Cover of "Don't Make Me Think"Steve Krug, a Web usability consultant, has distilled his years of experience into my latest read, a wonderful book called Don't Make Me Think: A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability. Now in its second edition, it offers easy-to-follow advice on making a Web site communicate the things about a company that users really want to know. His writing style is approachable and his advice is practical and easy to implement, making this book a must-read for anybody involved at any level with Web site creation.

Two of Mr. Krug's main messages are that Web sites should be ruthlessly edited and tested early and often before launch. Often, it's difficult to edit your own copy, but it's vital to keep users interested in your site. Say what needs to be said in as few words as possible. Don't wax nostalgic about the awesomeness of your company, or what the view out your window is like. Find out what users are seeking on your Web site and write to that. How do you find out what users want? Testing. It's not expensive to set up an in-office usability lab where people are brought in to field test new Web sites. They are given a certain task ("Book a flight," "buy a pair of shoes," etc.), then they tell the tester what they're thinking about as they complete it. This type of testing reveals whether or not a Web site design is working.

We all have experienced poor Web site design: the interminable Flash intro, the huge images that take forever to download, dense blocks of text, hard to find or nonexistent information. In fact, I ran into that last problem this weekend when I was trying to learn more about a local recreation area. All I wanted to know was how much it costs to rent boats and camp out. Instead, I found a laundry list of recreation opportunities available, with no vital information such as hours of operation and pricing.

After reading this book, you'll view the Web in a whole new way. You'll start taking notice of what works and what doesn't. And hopefully it will lend you some insight on how your own company's Web site could be improved. I know it made a big impression on me and gave me many ideas for how to improve lauramfoley.com!

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May 13, 2009
The Complete Package

Picture a man dressed to the nines in a snappy business suit, crisply ironed shirt, impeccably knotted tie, with a pocket square completing the dapper look, and...scuffed brown shoes. With all that planning of the perfect outfit, he had to go and ruin it by putting on those worn-out kicks. Well, the same thing can happen to your marketing materials. You spend lots of time crafting the perfect copy to sell your product or service, plan elaborate photo shoots, work with a designer to achieve the ideal look for your collateral, have it printed...then stuff it into a plain envelope and mail it to your customer.

Presentation is everything! If you don't consider how your collateral is delivered you lose control over the all-important first impression. Fortunately, there are lots of ways you can make your marketing collateral stand out in a crowd. Here are three ideas:

  • Use a custom-designed pocket folder to present your marketing materials. The folder itself can act as a brochure if you include information such as industries served, featured products, and success stories. Or you can give it a longer shelf life by just printing your logo and some basic contact information. By varying the collateral you include in each folder, you can customize your message to each customer.
  • Interesting folds can make your marketing collateral stand out from the crowd. An excellent resource for folding inspirations is foldfactory.com. Click on "ideas" on the left navigation list, then explore the site as you view videos of many different folding techniques. Be sure to discuss specialty folds with your print vendor at the start of the project, since some are more complicated than others to produce.
  • Custom-designed envelopes can get your marketing collateral noticed. These days, I get so many white #10 envelopes in my mailbox that the bills have "THIS IS A BILL" printed in red ink on them so that they don't end up in the recycle bin. Why not use oversized envelopes printed with fluorescent ink or made from a specialty paper?

With so much information and so many marketing messages being directed at consumers, you need to be creative to make your collateral pop! Let Laura M. Foley Design help you get noticed.

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April 29, 2009
Do Over! Tropicana Rebranding Flops

The image of a red and white striped straw sticking out of an orange is the classic, iconic look of Tropicana Pure Premium juice. Simple as it is, it's a brilliant way to convey the idea of fresh juice. The most memorable advertising images are often the simplest because they enable consumers to make an immediate, familiar connection with the product.

Old and new Tropicana packagingSo when a company has a great image that instantly relates the core attributes of their product (freshness, purity, etc.), why in the world would it want to rebrand? That was the question many people asked when PepsiCo, which owns the Tropicana brand, launched a new look for the Tropicana Pure Premium juice line in January 2009. The new packaging eliminated the straw-stuck-in-the-orange image in favor of a photograph of a clear glass filled with juice. The logo was redesigned and all the text on the carton was set in a sans-serif font. The plain screw cap was replaced by one that looks like half an orange. The different types of juice used to be distinguished by solid color blocks with matching or complimentary colored caps. With the new design, the different types of juice were written on the carton within the photo of the glass.

Overall, it's a very clean, modern design. I like it a lot! But the public hated it, so much so that Tropicana sales plunged 20% and PepsiCo returned to the old packaging less than two months after launching the redesign. What went wrong?

There were many missteps. Forcing consumers to read product descriptions made them work that much harder to choose the type of juice they wanted. That's a big deal in a product line that includes 15 types of juice! Another criticism is that the new design made Tropicana look like a generic store brand. But probably the biggest mistake was trying to revive a brand that already had 40% of the market. If it ain't broke, don't fix it.

The lesson here is that design for its own sake is never a good idea. Unless real data gleaned from market research and field testing reveal that a brand identity is actually hurting sales, just leave it as it is!

Orange Juice Display

As you can see, it's a very crowded playing field in the orange juice aisle. Here, the new carton design is rubbing elbows with the old one while it's being phased out. Take THAT, progress!

 

Sources:

"As Consumers Try to Cut Back, Tropicana Promotes Quality and Value," Stuart Elliott, January 7, 2009, The New York Times.

"Never Mind! Pepsi Pulls Much-loathed Tropicana Packaging," Linda Tischler, February 23, 2009, Fast Company.

"Tropicana Line's Sales Plunge 20% Post-Rebranding," Natalie Zmuda, April 2, 2009, Advertising Age.

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April 8, 2009
Gee, That Logo Looks Familiar!

Today at the gym as I was staring at the bank of televisions that constantly
barrage exercisers with mass-media images of bodily perfection, thus reinforcing the need to be at the gym in the first place (but I'm not bitter...), I saw an interesting commercial. It was for GM Goodwrench, and it was quite striking. Not for the obvious reason of GM trying to win back the confidence of we Americans who are bailing them out with our tax dollars (but I'm not bitter...), but because their new logo looks exactly like another recently developed logo.

EasyTech logoStaples, the office supply chain, has a division called EasyTech. EasyTech encompasses all aspects of office technology, from purchase and ongoing tech support, to hardware and software purchases, to disposal and recycling of products once they've reached the end of their useful lives. The EasyTech logo incorporates a clever interpretation of the symbol that appears on the power button on every electronic product from computer towers to DVD players, a circle with a vertical line that cuts through it at the top. In the logo, this circle has been rotated about 45° so that it becomes an "E" and it appears to be glowing (or "on," if you will). It is an excellent logo that effectively communicates and reinforces the idea of technology that works.

GM Goodwrench logoThe GM Goodwrench logo, strangely, also employs the power button symbol, but with much less impact and for reasons that are unclear. For this logo, the power symbol has also been rotated 45°, but the line that cuts through the circle has been shortened. Now the power button symbol resembles a "G," which I suppose is the point. It also kind of looks like a wrench twisting a thumb screw, though where you'd find one of those in a car is anyone's guess.

I don't know which logo was designed first, and since the technology and automotive industries are significantly different there's probably not much basis for any copyright infringement claims. But I think that the EasyTech logo is more successful than the GM Goodwrench logo because it capitalizes on a symbol that already is synonymous with technology and electronic devices. The logo doesn't have to work as hard to get its point across.

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March 18, 2009
Wasting Time Creatively

Every once in a while I come across Web sites that are just so fun to use that before I know it I've spent an hour playing instead of working! (Admit it, you know you've done the same thing.) So in the interest of creative time wasting and celebrating your inner artist, here are three free, arty Web sites that will be sure to keep you busy and get those creative juices flowing!

Tartan patternTartan Maker This site does just one thing, but does it very, very well: it lets you design tartans. Having trouble finding the pattern for Clan Your Name Here? Design your own! Choose colors, band widths, orientation, and yarn size to create the tartan of your dreams! Download your creation as a PNG file or log in to share your pattern with the world. Och, aye!

FlowersFlowers of the Central Park Conservatory Garden's Virtual Bouquet Now that spring has nearly sprung, thoughts turn away from multiple layers of clothing and toward sweet smelling flowers. This site allows you to choose a vase, fill it with a multitude of beautiful blooms, then send your finished bouquet to a friend. If you've ever wanted to dabble in flower arranging without incurring any expense, this is the site for you.

Pollock-style paintingJackson Pollock Does your inner turmoil need to be released through expressive abstract drip paintings? Then visit this site, where you'll create the same sort of random masterpieces as the master without the smelly mess (cigarette optional). If you want to take your art on the road, for 99¢ you can download an app for your iPhone. Gone. Real gone.

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March 4, 2009
"Sherman, please set the WABAC Machine for 1996!"

The WABAC MachineFor those of you of a certain vintage, the title for this week's Design Dispatch was spoken in your head by Mr. Peabody, the horn-rimmed-glasses-wearing dog that starred in the "Peabody and Sherman" segment of "The Bullwinkle Show." The WABAC Machine (pronounced "way-back") was a time-travel device that enabled our heroes to travel back in time to witness great historical events. But did you know that there is a modern WABAC Machine that enables you to travel back in time to the dawn of the Internet age?

The Internet Archive's Wayback Machine is a collection of 85 billion Web pages dating from 1996 to more or less the current day. It's fascinating to chart the progress of a company's Web site from its inception to what it is today, or what it was before it shut down.

I've used the Wayback Machine to find old company logos to place into PowerPoint presentations, which I often need to do in my work with venture capital firms. Sometimes, a VC firm's portfolio companies are bought out by larger companies (a very good thing!). After the buyout, the portfolio companies' Web sites assume the corporate identities of the purchasing companies, or are just redirected to the purchasing companies' Web sites. However, the logos for the original companies are needed to illustrate points in the presentation. I just enter the old URL into the Wayback Machine and click on a date before the company was aquired until I find a page that uses the old logo. Bada-bing!

If you'd like to give the Wayback Machine a whirl, visit the Internet Archive (the Wayback Machine is in the top center of the page). While you're there, explore some of the amazing resources the Archive has to offer, such as the Live Music Archive where you can stream or download shows and the Text Archive, where you can read scanned version of old publications.

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February 18, 2009
Uh Oh, Typo!

Imagine you created a static ad for your local access cable channel. You're watching TV one night, then see your ad. Yay! But when you look a little closer, you notice that you've made a typo. Oh well, no big deal, right? It's not like the whole country saw it.

Now imagine that you work for Pizza Hut and your static ad appears during one of the breaks on the Discovery Channel's wildly popular show Dirty Jobs, which your company sponsors. Your blood runs cold as you spot not one but two typos. Ouch. Guess what? It happened last week.

In its "The Real Dirt" series of commercials, Pizza Hut offers up factoids relevant to what's being featured on Dirty Jobs that week. Last week's episode was about a couple who harvests spider venom, which it sells to researchers. Here's what appeared on The Real Dirt:

"Spider silk is one of nature's most extraordinary substances. It is exceptionally flexible, elastic, and lightweight, yet tough - three times as stong as Kevlar and five times as strong as steel."

Granted, the first typo--using a hyphen instead of an em-dash between "tough" and "three"--isn't an end-of-the-world kind of error, just the kind that makes professional typographers cry quietly into their beers at night. But misspelling the word "strong"...that's another story!

It just goes to show that no matter how large or small your business, you should always, always, ALWAYS proofread your materials before going public. And let other people proof your stuff to get a fresh perspective. Meskimen's Law states, "There's never time to do it right, but always time to do it over." Make time to proofread. You really don't want to pay for a reprint or have your Web page fixed after it goes live. And you certainly want to avoid having whole United States think that you don't know how to spell, as in Pizza Hut's case!

Pizza Hut Typo

What, are you kidding me?!?

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February 4, 2009
Visualizing Data

If I told you that the number of Walmarts has grown from a single store in 1962 to more than 4,100 in the United States (and more than 3,100 worldwide), you'd probably be impressed but not really wowed by the information. But I've seen a Flash animation of the same data that really brings the message home. It shows a map of the United States, the year, and the number of stores. Each store is represented by a green dot, and by the end of the animation the eastern half of the US is blanketed under a nearly solid mass of green.

Everyone knows that a picture's worth a thousand words. That's why presenting data graphically can be so persuasive. It's possible to tell a whole story with a simple informational graphic, instantly communicating ideas that might take a whole paragraph to describe. What makes informational graphics work, aside from the illustrations, is that extraneous data aren't included and that each graphic is used to communicate facts about a single statistic.

USA TODAY Snapshots are an excellent example of effective informational graphics. Snapshots communicate data on statistics having to do with current events and trends, allowing viewers to take in most of the information at a single glance. They often incorporate trend lines as a part of the graphic, or use pictures instead of bars in graphs.

So, the next time you have to incorporate data into a PowerPoint presentation, report, or marketing communication, consider using an informational graphic instead of the default Microsoft Graph settings. This will ensure that your audience is getting the information you want them to receive, rather than becoming confused by dense tables or overly detailed charts.

2008-2009 Seasonal Snowfall

 

This graphic, from the Worcester Telegram and Gazette, instantly communicates how the winter of 2008-2009 compares to the average. Plus, they've used apostrophes and inch marks correctly!
2008 Holiday Travel Spending

Here we see numbers of people represented by carry-on bags.

 

Sub-Saharan Disease PPT chart Sub-Saharan Disease info graphic
Before: Here is a default PowerPoint chart. Yawn. After: I redesigned the chart to communicate the information more effectively.

 

Sources:
Walmart: Walmart Corporate Fact Sheet, www.walmart.com
Flowing Data: "Watching the Growth of Walmart Across America," www.flowingdata.com
USA TODAY: USA TODAY Snapshots, www.usatoday.com

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January 21, 2009
Freelancers a Good Value in Tough Times

During economic downturns, creative directors have to get lean and mean, and that often means laying off full-time design staff. But where do these same creative directors turn when a design job comes up and there's nobody in the company who can handle the work?

They hire freelancers.

According to a recent article on CNN.com, companies are increasingly becoming more project-based, calling in freelancers to complete individual assignments rather than keeping designers on-staff. The advantages to such an approach are many: a company doesn't have to pay benefits, work space and new equipment purchases are often not required, and it's sometimes easier to get approval for a freelancer to complete a project with specific beginning and end dates than for a full-time position.

Hopefully you haven't neglected your marketing during this economic crisis. If you have, then you have to ask yourself why. Did you get rid of your design department? Do you imagine that retooling that old brochure would be too expensive? Are you OK with sticking a new address label on your old business card? If you answered "yes" to any of these questions, it's time to give Laura M. Foley Design a call. Let me help you communicate your message in a way that's cost-effective, efficient, and that makes sense in today's marketplace.

Source: "More businesses using freelancers, experts say," Steve Almassy, January 14, 2009, CNN.com

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*Bonus will be awarded after completion of the project. The maximum bonus per project will be $250. The bonus will be calculated based on the design cost of the job; costs associated with printing, Web hosting, hiring of subcontractors, artwork purchases, etc. will not be used to calculate the bonus. Offer good for referrals of new clients only. This offer is valid until March 31, 2009.

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January 7, 2009
New Packaging for an Ancient Product

Jala Neti is the ancient Ayurvedic method of cleansing the nasal passages. Basically, you pour water or a cleansing solution from a neti pot into one nostril. The liquid swishes around in your sinus cavity and comes out the other nostril. This procedure is used as part of one's daily cleaning ritual or as a treatment for allergies, colds, flu, sinus infections, and other related maladies.

Neti potNaturally, it's impossible to copyright such an idea since it's been around for centuries. However it is possible to change aspects of jala neti, such as the shape of the neti pot and the packaging. And that's just what the folks at NeilMed Pharmaceuticals has done. The results, I'm afraid, are unintentionally amusing.

NeilMed has put its own spin on the neti pot. The NeilMed® NASAFlo® Neti Pot is a small, teapot-shaped vessel made of blue plastic. It comes in a box that is so loaded with copy that it's hard to get your bearings or glean important information with just a quick glance. Every surface of the box, including the inside flaps, has been printed with instructions, diagrams, the founder's bio, a checklist of benefits, etc. They tout the "Gravity Method," which, unfortunately, has been around even longer than the neti pot, so they were unable to trademark that phrase. Surprisingly, the package states, "A limitation of all Net (sic) Pots is that gravity cannot create sufficient pressure to wash away all the undesirable mucus and nasal irritants." In other words, "Hey, dummy, we sold you this product, but we have an EVEN BETTER product that you should have bought!" They then go on to describe their NeilMed SINUS RINSE™ system.

The NASAFlo Neti Pot my husband bought (dummy!) came with 50 premixed packets of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate, which you add to 8 ounces of water to create the cleansing solution. Of course, it costs more to use the packets than to mix the salt and baking soda solution yourself. Therein lies the genius of packaging.

All in all, this is a fine product that does one job and does it well. And hats off to NeilMed for figuring out a way to make money off an ancient technique. But boy, the packaging is straight out of the Dr. Bronner's Magic Soap school of design.

The Gravity Method
Neti pot box
The amazing "GRAVITY METHOD." White space?!? We don't need no stinkin' white space.

 

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2008 Design Dispatches

December 10, 2008
More Type Tricks

Typography is a fascinating art form. Done well, it's invisible. Done poorly, you can't help but notice that something's wrong. But my favorite is when type is playful, calling attention to a message that wouldn't be apparent if the type was set in the normal way.

This summer, artist Kurt Perschke brought his RedBall Project to Chicago. The RedBall Project is a sculptural installation--a 15'-diameter inflatable red sphere--that travels to cities around the world. The RedBall is installed in various locations in each city, inviting people to interact with it and their surroundings in novel ways. The Chicago RedEye, a free daily newspaper distributed by the Chicago Tribune, ran a three-page advertisement for the installation. On the first two pages, the half-page ads take the form of articles about the RedBall Project. In each ad, a huge RedBall invades the space much as it does in situ, pushing the type aside and distorting it. On the third page, a full-page ad shows a photograph of a woman dancing around the RedBall, which is resting on the banks of the Chicago River. The copy reads "GO BIG. The RedBall Project redballproject.com" in a bold red font. This series of ads wonderfully illustrates how the RedBall invades spaces, showing up uninvited yet welcomed by all who see it.

RedBall Project ad 1
RedBall Project ad 2
RedBall Project first half-page ad
RedBall Project, 2nd half-page ad

 

RedBall Project 3rd ad

RedBall Project full-page ad

One of my favorite comic strips is Zitz, written by Jerry Scott and drawn by Jerry Borgman. They often use type playfully, using the words to illustrate humorous points. A strip from November 16 shows a group of high school girls talking so much that their words combine to form a dense cloud that trails behind them. The hero of the strip, Jeremy Duncan, is caught in their wake and has to shake the excess words from his hair after they pass by.

Maybe you can use type tricks like these for your own promotional materials, maybe not. But at least you're now aware of the fun you can have by pushing your type around!

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November 26, 2008
Happy Thanksgiving

Thanksgiving for a typical American means deciding whether or not to wear our stretchy pants as we anticipate gorging on our delicious feasts. Sadly, though, hunger is a chronic problem for millions of people around the world and right here at home. Although the problem is huge, we as individuals can help in small ways that make a difference.

Food Pantry
Is there a food pantry in your town? Donating nonperishable food to the pantry is a way you can make a real difference in the lives of your friends and neighbors. Food pantries are always looking for donations and often need volunteers to help sort the food. In these tough economic times they are increasingly being relied upon as a steady food source for many Americans. Think about including something extra in your shopping cart each time you go to the grocery store, and bring it to your local food pantry. Remember to include items kids would like, such as juice boxes and lunchbox snacks, because hunger doesn't affect just the grown-ups.

Last year, I told you about these sites that donate food at absolutely no cost to you. They're still going strong and continue to feed the hungry around the world.

Free Rice.com
This well-designed site lets you play a vocabulary game. The software adjusts itself for yourFree Rice.comvocabulary level based on your early responses, so it's suitable for any skill level, from just learning English to collegiate. For each correct answer, the site donates ten grains of rice through the United Nations. New for 2008 is the addition of a Basic Math section that gives you increasingly difficult math problems to solve. The donations are paid for by the advertisers whose banner ads appear on the site.

The Hunger Site
Simply click on a button once a day to donate food to the hungry. You can sign up for a daily The Hunger Site.comemail reminder. The site also promotes a number of great causes, including free trade and disaster relief, and features an online store where you can purchase handcrafted goods from the global marketplace.

Please take some time to visit these sites to help those less fortunate than ourselves. Happy Thanksgiving!

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November 12, 2008
New Looks for Two Old Retailers

Two major retailers--Stop & Shop and Walmart--have recently updated their logos, and the results are great!

Stop & Shop logosLet's start with Stop & Shop, one of the largest food retailers in the Northeast. The old logo was very straightforward: The words "Stop & Shop" set in black with a bold sans-serif font in all caps, with red and green circles arranged as they are on a traffic light, surrounded by a rounded red border. As logos go, this one was very distinctive, albeit old fashioned, and widely recognized.

Stop & Shop's new logo brings a freshness to the brand, with its vivid colors, upper- and lowercase typesetting, and image that is open to interpretation. Is it a bird flying out of a nest? Is it a stack of bowls falling over? Who knows? The image lends itself to animation and can be broken apart to form design elements for in-store signage, shopping bags, and other marketing collateral. Combine the new brand with a snappy new Web site, and you have a successful redesign!

Walmart logosWalmart has dropped the hyphen. Actually, they dropped a star, since the wordmark used to be WAL*MART. It was set in all caps in dark blue using a bold sans-serif font. Now, the type is set in upper- and lowercase in a much milder sans-serif font, it's been recolored to a sky blue, and they've added a little starburst at the end. The starburst is also open to interpretation: is it an electronics symbol? A sun? A happy flower? It sure looks a lot friendlier than the old logo, more modern too.

There are strange similarities with these two logos. Both started out with similar type treatments (uppercase type, blocky sans-serif font). The type redesign on both logos is similar. And both incorporate images that can't really be defined. Coincidence?

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October 29, 2008
Scary Marketing Mistake--Oh, What a Tease!

Jack O'LanternThere are four critical legal documents everyone should have.

Do you know what they are?

That sure got your attention, didn't it? Unfortunately, that's not the headline I used in the press release I wrote for a lecture given by an attorney. Instead, I described what I thought he was going to talk about. As a result, the press I got for the event wasn't nearly as compelling as I'd hoped.

I had invited Ken Brekka of the law firm of Brekka and Brekka in Hubbardston, Massachusetts, to speak at a meeting of the MOMS Club of Hubbardston to talk about legal issues. I met briefly with Mr. Brekka to discuss his presentation, but I had preconceived notions of what he'd be talking about so I didn't ask enough questions. After our meeting, I sent press releases to several local papers and posted the event on Hubbardston's local-access cable channel and Web site, inviting the public to attend. The turnout was pretty small; only the MOMS Club regulars and a local senior couple showed up.

But when Mr. Brekka opened up with: "There are four critical legal documents everyone should have..." the audience was riveted. And at that moment I realized that I hadn't gotten enough information from Mr. Brekka at our initial meeting and mentally kicked myself. You see, an opener like that makes people want to know more. "What four documents? Do I have them? What happens to me if I don't?" they ask themselves. It was a classic "teaser," a question that can only be answered by attending an event, buying a product, calling for more information, etc. Teasers can be much more effective than just coming out and stating the obvious. They use people's natural curiosity to drum up interest in products and services.

This was a great lesson in the power of listening. Oh, and the four critical legal documents? They are a Will, Power of Attorney, Healthcare Proxy, and Homestead Declaration. Halloween can be spooky, but not having these documents can be downright scary!

Happy Halloween!

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October 22, 2008
Human Type

Typography is fascinating for graphic designers. We love the subtle crafting of letterforms, Human Typeligatures, small adjustments of leading and kerning that render a block of text...aaaaaaaand I've lost you. Yeah, I'm a type geek, and I'm not ashamed to admit it! But recently I found an advertisement that makes typography so much fun that even non-typophiles can appreciate it.

There's a print ad for Aleve, an over-the-counter pain medication, that really communicates the idea of being without pain. The words "Move Pain Free" take up most of the space in the ad. That sentence is compelling, but even more so when you consider that the words are made up of photographs of people bending and twisting to form the letters. If you've ever experienced backaches or muscle soreness, you can appreciate how much it can hurt to bend and flex as the people in this advertisement have while you're suffering this kind of pain.

In this advertisement, the use of human type is a simple, clever way to communicate the message: Use our product and you can be as flexible as the people you see here, without any pain. If the words were set in a regular typeface, the ad would not be nearly as compelling.

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October 1, 2008
Customer Service and Then Some

You've probably heard the old saying, "A happy customer will tell one person about her great experience, but an unhappy customer will tell ten." Well, that was back before the Internet. Now, an unhappy customer can tell the whole world about her lousy experience. Does your company have policies in place to keep customers happy? More importantly, do your employees have the authority to turn bad situations into good ones?

Recently, I had a bad customer experience that was transformed into a great one. This year I became a member of the National Association of Photoshop Professionals (NAPP). One of the benefits of membership is a free Photoshop magazine subscription, but when a couple of months went by with no magazine, I forgot all about it. Then the other day I received an email from NAPP and remembered that my subscription had never started.

I sent an email to NAPP asking about my subscription. That same day, I received an apology by email. The customer service rep told me she'd placed an order for the missing issues to be sent out to me. Not only that, she extended my NAPP membership by two months!

Sure, we all make mistakes in our businesses. But how we correct them can either cement a relationship or quickly end one. With networking being a vital part of any business's marketing toolbox, make sure you don't ignore opportunities to turn negatives into positives.

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September 17, 2008
Elevator Pitches

By now you know that you should always bring business cards with you wherever you go, whether it's to the grocery store or an industry trade show. But how's your elevator pitch?

An elevator pitch is a 30-second-or-less summary of who you are, what business you're in, and the kind of work you're looking for. It evolves over time depending on how your business changes or the kinds of clients you're seeking. It becomes more refined as you narrow the scope of your business and enables people to quickly understand what you do.

When I was just starting out as a graphic designer, my elevator pitch would have been, "I design business cards, brochures, stationery, booklets, handouts, invitations, newsletters, and whatever other stuff you need. I also do illustrations. I've worked for schools, companies, TV stations, design agencies, and other people." Phew, that's a pretty wide net I used to cast! At that time, I'd pretty much do any design for anybody who asked. Now, my elevator pitch goes something like this: "I am a graphic designer specializing in corporate identity and collateral programs and rescuing ugly PowerPoint presentations." In this pitch, I've given my listener my title (graphic designer), my preferred client (corporations or large businesses), and an area I'm currently focusing on (PowerPoint redesign).

Come up with your own elevator pitch and have it at the ready for when you're exchanging business cards. In the process of crafting your brief message, you may find it's easier to focus on aspects of your business that are important to you.

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September 3, 2008
Word Clouds

Did you know that search engines are blind? It's true, and it's something I wrestle with as a graphic designer all the time. You see, no matter how well laid out, Flash-y, or full of informative pictures and diagrams a Web site is, search engines such as Google rely on one thing and one thing only to search, find, and categorize Web sites: words. So how do you make sure that search engines can find your site? Use the correct words, of course.

A good way to learn if your Web site is using the right language is to generate a word cloud. Word clouds, also called tag clouds or weighted lists, are visual representations of how often certain words are used in a Web site, speech, essay, etc. The words that are used most often are largest, and they get smaller as they are used less frequently.

Wordle is an easy-to-use site that generates a word cloud directly from a blog, blog feed, or any Web page that has an Atom or RSS feed. You can also enter a del.iciou.us user name to see their tags or cut and paste text from any source. These words are transformed into a word cloud that you can edit by changing the font, color, and layout.

Once you've built a word cloud on Wordle using text from your Web site, blog, presentation, etc., you'll learn how the words you've chosen support--or don't support--your core message. You can then use this information to strengthen your site, adding the correct keywords (occurring in the copy, not just in a big list at the bottom of the page, a big no-no) that will help bring your site to the top of the list.

Culinary Mom word cloud

Here is a word cloud I generated from my personal blog, Confessions of a Culinary Mom. Guess I serve up lots of "milk" and "ground" "meat"! It even looks kind of like a pig!

 

Design Dispatch word cloud

And this is a word cloud I generated from this page. Looks like I'm using all the right words: "logo," "design," and "marketing" are among the biggest in the image.

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August 13, 2008
New Logo Coming Soon!

Lately I've been noticing a trend in package design. Instead of just changing the way their products appear on the shelves, companies have been incorporating design change notifications into the new package designs or pointing out a redesign that has already occurred.

A case in point: a bottle of Black Swan wine I purchased recently had an extra label that said Black Swan label, close up"NEW LOOK! Coming Soon" stuck onto the regular label on the bottle. I've seen bottles of Black Swan wine produced after this one that sport the new label (which looks great, by the way). But is it really necessary to inform the public of an imminent design change?

Companies change their package designs all the time for a variety of reasons: they want to emphasize a different benefit of their product, they want the edge on their competition, the design is outdated, they want to target a different market, innovative packaging materials have recently been developed that a company would like to use, etc. The bottom-line reason for package redesign is, of course, to sell more product and make more money. It's only recently that I've noticed that companies are calling attention to these changes.

I have always believed effective package design should be almost subliminal, that a wonderful design draws the consumer in without calling attention to itself. Maybe it's because we now live in an instant-message, 24/7 information access world that companies feel they must inform consumers of any changes they make. But is it that important to notify them of what basically is an internal company matter? I really don't think so.

What do you think? Have you noticed this trend as well?

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July 30, 2008
"Lemonade Stand" Advertising

Summer is the season of lemonade stands, and what better way to advertise than a sign by the side of the road? This summer I've seen two "lemonade stand" signs used to advertise two different businesses that aren't lemonade stands, one more successfully than the other.

Like to Travel signA couple of weeks ago I noticed this sign nailed to a phone pole at the side of a very busy road in my town. It was nearly illegible at 45 mph. Later, I took a walk over to the sign so I could get a good look at it. The sign was handwritten in black marker on white corrugated board. I found no fault with the teaser on the sign ("LIKE TO TRAVEL WANT TO MAKE MONEY"), since it effectively targets the desired audience. But under that teaser was a really, really long URL that went to the end of the sign then veered downward. This business could probably get a lot more customers if it advertised in a more appropriate place, such as a travel newsletter or magazine.

Children's Garden signThis "lemonade stand" sign is more successful. This sign is located in front of a house in the center of town where the speed limit is 35 mph (but many people go slower). It advertises the roadside business of the kids who live in the house. It's really charming, with swirly letters, lots of colors, and paintings of flowers, and it got me to stop and buy a plant! But if the sign had been too slick and professional I would have doubted that it was actually the kids who benefit from the sales and I wouldn't have stopped.

So know who your customers are and advertise in the right place. If you're not running a lemonade stand or some other childlike venture, don't use "lemonade stand" signs to advertise your business.

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July 9, 2008
Digging for Treasure On Your Web Site

"I never use those slashy things." This is what my Aunt Julie said to me when we were talking about navigating the Web. What she meant is she doesn't waste time navigating through a Web site to find the information she wants. Either what she's looking for needs to be on the home page or there has to be an obvious link to it. If not, she looks elsewhere.

People shouldn't have to "dig for treasure" on your Web site. For example, if you're offering an online promotion, you shouldn't tell people to visit http://www.mycompany.com/promos/
july2008/ specialoffers/ big_discount.htm. Nobody wants to type a URL like that into their browser. Just put all of the information or a prominent link to it on the home page at www.mycompany.com.

And make sure that your site is easy to navigate so that people can quickly find the information they're looking for. If your home page is too cluttered, people won't stick around to figure out how it works. They'll just find another, more user-friendly site...maybe your competitor's?

Take a good look at your marketing materials to see if they reference any overly long, complicated URLs. If you find any buried treasure, put it on your home page for the world to find, where it will be much more valuable.

Italian Cypresses II
Julia Mitchell is a tapestry artist whose work echoes the beauty of the natural world. Visit her Web site to learn more about the tapestry technique, view her portfolio, and to commission a custom-woven piece.

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June 25, 2008
Championing Streamlined Communication Frameworks

English is a marvelously rich language that allows speakers to craft turns of phrase as simple as "She's cute!" or as eloquent as "I'll say she looks as clear as morning roses newly washed with dew." With such a wealth of words at our disposal, it's a wonder that some people feel the need to complicate simple messages with meaningless babble. But all too often corporate buzzwords and jargon make their way into speeches, presentations, marketing materials, press releases, etc., rendering these difficult to understand or just plain weird.

In December 2007, England's Local Government Association issued a press release about clarifying the language used by public bodies. Included in the press release is a list of 100 "non-words" they believe should be avoided, such as "core value," "funding stream," "overarching," and "synergies." Related to this, it was widely reported this month that the Tunbridge Wells Borough Council had banned the expression "brainstorming" in favor of "thought showers," believed to be less offensive to epileptics. Thankfully, the Council states that "This story has been wildly exaggerated."

If you want to get an idea of how corporate buzzwords can get out of hand, visit the Buzzword Generator. Each click of the "enter" button generates such gems as "profound empowering benchmark," "quality-focused 24/7 protocol," and "proactive assymetric strategy."

So if you find that your core message facilitates top-down communications while being a non-value add for stakeholders, perhaps it's time to clarify your message by tossing the jargon.

 

Sources:

Local Government Association press release, "Councils help battle for plain English," December 12, 2007.

Daily Mail, "Council bans 'brainstorming' and replaces the term with 'thought showers'...for fear of offending epileptics," Steve Doughty, June 20, 2008.

Tunbridge Wells Borough Council press release, "News: Brainstorming," June 20, 2008.

1728 Software Systems, Buzzword Generator

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June 11, 2008
PowerPoint at the Improv

PowerPoint. Who in the business world doesn't have an opinion about it? Used well, PowerPoint presentations can bolster a presenter's main points, adding helpful context to the spoken word. Used poorly they can put an audience to sleep in minutes. But what if there were a way that PowerPoint could be used not only to get an audience roaring but also to test a presenter's ability to think on her feet? There is, and it's called PowerPoint Karaoke.

PowerPoint Karaoke was invented in 2005 by a German creative think tank, Zentrale Intelligenz Agentur (Central Intelligence Agency). To play the game, a couple of daring people volunteer to present a random deck of slides gathered from friends, employers, or from the Web. Nobody gets a chance to review the decks beforehand, and each person gets five minutes to deliver an improvised presentation.

As you might imagine, the results are absurd, unexpected, and hilarious! As the speaker either breezes or stumbles through his presentation, the audience heckles, laughs, and shouts out encouragement.

Next time you're faced with another team-building meeting, conference, or any gathering that could use a laugh, why not suggest a rousing game of PowerPoint Karaoke?

PowerPoint Karaoke in Action:

 

Sources:

Boston.com, "Slide Show: Are You Ready for PowerPoint Karaoke?", Erin McKean, March 2, 2008.

Zentrale Intelligenz Agentur

crisscrossed, "Tired of PPT: Start PowerPoint Karaoke," Christian Kreutz, March 12, 2008.


Thanks very much to Patty Dahlgren, Video & New Media Producer at Dahlgren Creative, for telling me about PowerPoint Karaoke. For your next trade show or sales meeting, turn to Dahlgren Creative for all of your Flash, video, and multimedia needs.

Contact Patty at (781) 271-1313 or patty@dahlgrencreative.com.

 

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May 28, 2008
Location, Location, Location

Good ad placement means the difference between generating sales and throwing your money away. Your message, no matter how well crafted, will be ignored if it's not in front of the right people. If you sell diapers, advertise in Parents magazine, not Wired. Conversely, if you sell Bluetooth headsets, advertise in Wired, not Parents. Sure, geeks read Parents and parents read Wired, but you have to direct your advertising toward each publication's core demographic to reach the people who are most likely in the market for your product or service.

The other day my husband Mike was reading his favorite magazine, Air & Space, when I heard him snort in derision. "Here's the topic of your next newsletter," he said, then he told me about a two-page spread titled "Fashion News," which was in fact an advertisement for synthetic diamond jewelry. The phrase that really stood out for him was "We will not bore you with the incredible details of the scientific process..."

This ad misses the mark for two big reasons. First, Air & Space readers are most likely very interested in the "incredible details of scientific processes." It's a magazine devoted to the minutia of aviation and space exploration, with an emphasis on technology. The other reason is the product itself, basically a diamondlike ring that costs less than $150 (buy now and get a pair of scintillating DiamondAura Classique sterling silver stud earrings FREE!). I'm just guessing here, but I would imagine Air & Space readers are probably fairly well-off and not in the market for synthetic anything.

So do a little research when placing your ads. Tailor the ad copy to the readership, and make sure that you're placing the ads in the right publications.

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May 14, 2008
Grassroots Marketing

There is a grassroots effort in my town to influence people to vote for a Proposition 2 1/2 override in order to avoid drastic cuts in town services. (For those of you not from Massachusetts, "Prop 2 1/2" is a state statute prohibiting a town from raising taxes more than 2.5% annually without voter approval). When I visited the group's Web site, I was struck both by its sincerity and how profoundly difficult it was to navigate. With its dramatic language, dense paragraphs, consistent use of bold text, and poor color choices a viewer has to to read every page from start to finish before he understands the message. And nowhere on the site does it detail exactly what cuts in services there would be if the override doesn't pass.

I volunteered to redesign the site at no cost to the town, and my offer was enthusiastically accepted by the group. I wrote new copy for the home page describing the service cuts we could be facing, using bullet points, color, and bold text to draw attention to the important details. The redesigned site used photographs, graphics, and white space to make it cleaner looking and easier to skim. For the supporting pages I kept the copy from the original site since I didn't want to alienate the people who had made the effort to write. Unfortunately, that's exactly what ended up happening.

The participants in this grassroots effort didn't appreciate having their materials copy edited for clarity. After submitting my ideas I received a terse "thanks but no thanks" email. The only recommendations they took from me was to change the background color of their site from dark blue to white and to add a clickable "send email" graphic.

Maybe there is a perception that grassroots marketing materials should look amateurish, that if they seem too slick they would detract from the message. I don't see it that way at all. Presenting information that is clear, compelling, and easily understood is what marketing is all about, whether it's for a multinational company or a small-town organization. But I can't force a client to accept a design that he doesn't want, no matter how helpful I believe it would be.

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April 30, 2008
Design Dispatch: Client Spotlight...Northeast Promotion & Apparel Co., Inc.

Client Spotlight

Every once in a while I come across a product or service that I can't stop talking about. And since I'm a major networker, I love to steer people towards companies I've worked with that provide those products or services. So this week is the debut of the Client Spotlight, where I'll tell you about the cool things my clients are doing.

The Northeast Promotion & Apparel Company was formed last summer by Matt Olivari and three partners. They bring over 17 years of experience in the business and have been going strong since the company's founding. They specialize in branded promotional items--such as corporate gifts and trade-show give-aways--and customized apparel. They also embroider, heat-transfer, or print apparel (hats, t-shirts, golf shirts, team uniforms, jackets, etc.) in-house.

When I toured the facility, I was impressed by two machines in particular. Their embroidery machine is capable of stitching up to six items at once with graphics having up to thirteen colors! The amazing thing from a design standpoint is that it's no more expensive to embroider in a single color than it is to use all thirteen. The other cool machine was an inkjet printer capable of producing full-color graphics of photographic quality on a variety of substrates, including t-shirts, jackets, bags, and towels. In fact, Matt told me that when he and his partners saw this printer at a trade show, they asked the vendor about its capabilities, ink costs, etc. The sales rep quickly brought up all of the information on his laptop...then printed the results onto a t-shirt!

I've been doing business with Matt for a while now, so I know he's a pleasure to work with and turns jobs around quickly. He also helps his customers to develop sales programs that support their fundraising efforts.

Check out Northeast Promotion & Apparel Company online. You can also call Matt Olivari at (888) 340-6372 or send email to mowindow@aol.com.

Mention Laura M. Foley Design and get 10% off your first order

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April 16, 2008
Design Dispatch: Negative Publicity Carries Controversial Product

There are loads of energy drinks on the market. So how did one manufacturer set his energy drink apart from the competition? He gave it a name that has a double meaning and created a provocative marketing campaign. Sounds pretty straightforward, right? Happens every day? Read on.

The product is Blow, a white powder that is added to water or a beverage to create an energy drink. The packaging, the marketing, and the name all mimic (some say glorify) cocaine use and the party lifestyle — Blow comes in a vial and ships with a fake credit card and a mirror. The manufacturer maintains that his product is "hip and edgy."

Of course Blow has sparked a lot of controversy. The FDA sent the company a certified letter accusing it of marketing an uncertified drug. And drug rehabilitation counselors, members of law enforcement, parents, and news agencies all fear that the manufacturer's imitation of drug use will encourage people to try the real thing.

Is all this publicity helping or hurting the company? Most of the articles I found online were negative, decrying the drug references. There are mixed reviews as to its taste — some thought it was OK, others thought it tasted horrible. But the company that manufactures Blow been in business at least since a June 2007 press release, and just last week I saw the company's founder defending his product on a morning talk show. So maybe in this case it's the negative publicity that's keeping the company going.

I prefer to generate positive publicity and goodwill. But that's just me.

Sources:
FDA Web site
PR Newswire
The Earth Times, press release, "BLOW: Vials of White Energy Powder Selling Online," June 26, 2007.

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April 2, 2008
Design Dispatch: Logos Are More Powerful Than You Think!

Mac and PC guyA recent study by Duke University's Fuqua School of Business and the University of Waterloo, Canada, found that people exposed to well-known national brands exhibited behavior traits commonly associated with those companies' marketing.

In the experiment, 341 university students participated in what they believed to be a visual acuity test, during which either the Apple or IBM logo was quickly flashed. After the exposure (of which the test subjects were unaware) they were asked to come up with uses for a brick besides building a wall.

The Apple brand has always been about creativity, innovation, novelty, and thinking "outside the box," while IBM's reputation is for dependability, reliability, and predictability. Amazingly, these were the traits exhibited by the test subjects who were exposed to the respective logos. People who saw the Apple logo came up with significantly more unusual uses for a brick than those exposed to the IBM logo.Disney and E! logos

The test was repeated using another pair of logos, Disney and E! Channel. Participants who saw the Disney logo responded to a survey more honestly than those exposed to the E! Channel logos. What's more, in a separate experiment the researchers checked the validity of imperceptible exposure by offering $100 to anybody who could tell what logo was being flashed on the screen. Nobody could do it.

What does all this mean? Certainly it points to the validity, if not the ethical nature, of subliminal advertising. It also gives a big boost to the value of product placement. On the consumer side, it lends credence to the practice of surrounding oneself with inspirational items, such as an artist who decorates her studio with reproductions of famous paintings.

Adapted from a news release on the Duke University Web site.

Sources:
Duke University, "Apple Really Does Make You 'Think Different'"
Science Daily, "Logo Can Make You 'Think Different'"
Advertising Age, "This Brand Makes You More Creative"

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March 19, 2008
Design Dispatch: Seeing Double

I design plenty of newsletters, brochures, and other marketing materials where the copy comes from multiple sources. The very first thing I do to every single one of the text files I receive is to remove all of the double spaces and double carriage returns. I can't think of a single job I've done where that step hasn't been necessary.

Double-spacing and double carriage returns are a holdover from the old days when we used to use typewriters. Since typewriter typefaces were all monospace (all of the characters took up the same amount of space left-to-right) it was necessary to insert extra spaces and returns to separate sentences and paragraphs. This changed with the advent of desktop publishing, but for the most part people haven't changed their typing habits.

These extra spaces become a problem when text is placed into documents. It's very hard to control the flow of text with all those extra spaces floating around. You end up with unsightly gaps in the text, or you get paragraphs that end one line before the end of a column.

So if you're a double-spacer, try to stop. It adds an extra task that the designer must complete (which she doesn't do for free, by the way!), and it's unnecessary. And to keep paragraphs from running together, simply set the space after each paragraph to 10pt. That way you'll get a nice division between paragraphs, while keeping your prepress costs to a minimum!

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March 5, 2008
Design Dispatch: Ligatures, Sweet Ligatures

Ah...ligatures. So pleasant to say, so lovely to look at.

A ligature is two letters that are set as one character. Like many aspects of typography, ligatures generally do not stand out in typeset copy. Instead, they do the job of enabling your eye to glide across the printed page, unhampered by unsightly gaps or bumps.

Ligatures are commonly substituted for letters whose ascenders (the parts of a lowercase letter that stick up, such as in the letters b and h) would otherwise be too close together or touching, such as ff and fl. They can also be combinations of lowercase letters, such as ae and oe. Some professional typesetting software, such as InDesign, can automatically substitute ligatures if any are available in the font being used. But most software, including Microsoft Office, drops the ball on this particular bit of typography.

The next time you are reading a book or magazine, take a look to see if any ligatures have been used. You'll probably be surprised at how often you'll find them, since when used correctly ligatures tend to blend into the text. And if I do my job right, maybe you'll even be irritated when you find text that should have used them!

 

Lovely Ligatures

Ligatures

The top line shows a set of sans-serif ligatures and the bottom line features ligatures in a serif typeface. (Image courtesy of John Boardley at ilovetypography.com)

 

Of course, these guys get it...

EB ligature

Beautiful!

 

My favorite ligature, the obscure interrobang

Interrobang

This punctuation mark is used to express excited surprise, such as:

What's my deadlineInterrobangAre you kidding meInterrobang This is more commonly expressed as "!?!"

 

Me Tarzan. You bad typesetter!

Tarzan ligature

I love reading to my sons, but I hate the typesetting in their Tarzan book. The "f" and "l" in the word "reflection" could really have used a ligature!

 

Ligatures look great! Let's never use them.Dumb Bunnies ligature

It's that pesky "fl" combination again, this time in the word "flashed." Don't get me started about forcing the italic on "perfect" instead of using a proper italic typeface...

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February 13, 2008
Design Dispatch: Bad Typography...The Straight Dope on Straight Quotes

As a graphic designer I have a keen love of typography. But much like good design, good typography creates such harmony on the printed page that it is rarely noticed. Bad typography, however, can stand out like a fly in the soup.

One of the casualties of desktop publishing has been the correct use of the typographer's or "curly" quote. These are the quotation marks that look like little hooks surrounding the text, the "sixes and nines" you might remember from school. Also gone missing is the correct use of the apostrophe.

Straight quotes should only be used to denote minutes, seconds, feet, and inches. That's it. Curly quotes are used to denote spoken words and setting specific words apart from the text (as I did in the previous paragraph). Apostrophes should always be curly.

That being said, there are some cases where using straight quotes is unavoidable. Since I work on a Mac and send this email out as text-only, I unhappily resign myself to using straight quotes so that the keyboard tricks I use to get curly quotes don't become garbled when viewed on a PC or mobile phone. I don't worry about curly quotes on my Web site for the same reason. But for printed material--advertisements, brochures, white papers, etc.--get your quotes correct!

 

Correct use of curly and straight quotes

correct quotation marks

In an ad for Firestone, the typographer got it right. The apostrophe is curly and the straight quotes denote inches. Bravo!

 

What happened?!?

incorrect use of straight quotes

In the same ad, the typesetter has gone on a coffee break and the intern completed the ad in his absence. The apostrophe is right, but the quotation marks are wrong, wrong, wrong!

 

Ouch!

bad use of straight apostrophe

Here's a classic example of a straight quote used as an apostrophe. Shame!

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January 30, 2008
Design Dispatch: Sew...Where Did Our Brand Go?

I go to a gym that really has a good handle on marketing and branding. They send out regular email newsletters. They have a Web site that they keep current. Their printed materials, such as the binder they give new members and their group fitness schedule, prominently feature their logo and contact information. There are posters all over the place showing instructors wearing their uniforms and that feature the gym's logo. And the punch cards for the group fitness classes are printed in full color, with photos of current instructors and the logo on the front of the cards.

So why did they drop the ball on their clothing line?

This gym sells fleece tops, t-shirts, towels, hats, etc., all featuring the name of the gym. But while some of these items have the gym's logo on them, many of the fleece tops and sweatshirts have the name of the gym stitched in a conservative font. This apparel doesn't look like everything else they're doing; it looks staid and boring.

Remember, nobody is going to see your entire marketing campaign in one place at one time. If something that the public sees does not look anything like your corporate identity, nobody will identify it with your company. And isn't that what branding is supposed to do?

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January 16, 2008
Design Dispatch: Cool Typography

Typography is the way type, or words, are set on a page. People don't ordinarily pay attention to typography unless it's really bad or outstanding. This week, we'll explore some examples where designers played around with typography to achieve interesting results.

Bembo's Zoo
Bembo is the name of an elegant serif font, usually used to set body copy. On this Flash site, you'll find the alphabet. Click on a letter, and the name of an animal is spelled out, then the animal is "drawn" using the letters of its name. This is a good site for adults who like typography and kids who are learning how to spell!

Emblematic Poetry
In emblematic poetry, the words of the poem form a shape that relates to the words. Perhaps the most well-known example is "The Mouse's Tale" from Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.

 

The Mouse's Tale

 

Advertisement for Celebrex
In their ad for Celebrex, an arthritis medication, Pfizer has forgone the usual photograph of active seniors enjoying life. Instead, the designer has created a picture of a man and a woman playing golf using only the sentences "Understand the risks. See the benefits." While the playfulness of the typography is interesting, I'm not sure it is effective in driving more sales.

 

Celebrex ad

© 2007 Pfizer Inc.

 

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January 2, 2008
Design Dispatch: Embossing Your Print Around

Embossing adds sophistication to your printed marketing materials. In the embossing process, paper or card stock is squeezed between two embossing dies, which creates raised designs. There are many different kinds of embossing, the most common being blind embossing and registered embossing. Blind embossing is when the pattern is pressed into an unprinted section of paper; registered embossing is when the pattern has to line up exactly with a printed area.

With embossing it's possible to achieve some striking results. In one of my son's storybooks, the texture of the animals' fur and feathers has been embossed, giving the book a great tactile quality. And I remember coming across a brochure with a textured basketball on the cover.

Embossing is not often seen on marketing materials nowadays because many companies choose to print these digitally. Digital-print papers typically can't withstand the embossing process because they're too thin. Also, embossing dies are often custom-cut for each job, making embossing unsuitable for the quick-turnaround digital market. So it's more common to see embossing done on materials that have been printed on high-quality and/or thick paper.

Is embossing for you? It is if you want to stand out from the crowd and lend a certain elegance to your marketing materials. But keep in mind that it is a fairly expensive process that adds production time to the job. Depending on the goal of your marketing materials, though, having them embossed could be time and money well spent.

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2007 Design Dispatches

December 12
Design Dispatch: Serif, Sans-Serif, and Slab, Oh My!

When I was showing my son Henry how to write the number "1" I made a single vertical stroke. "That's a 'one,'" I told him. "No, it's not," he informed me, "A 'one' has a little hook on it." Then he wrote his version of the number. Both were correct, only my "one" was sans-serif and his was serif. Thus was his introduction to typography.

There are many kinds of typefaces, but broadly speaking they can be broken down into the following categories: serif, sans-serif, slab-serif, script, engraved, and display. Serif (pronounced "sare-if") typefaces are commonly used as body text since they are easy to read. Serifs are the little "tails" that come off the ends of the type. Examples of serif typefaces include Times New Roman, Palatino, and Bookman. Sans-Serif typefaces have no ornamentation at the ends of letters. This makes them very clear and easy to read, making them ideal for road signs and environmental graphics. Examples of sans-serif typefaces include Helvetica and Arial. Now we get fancy. Slab-serif typefaces have serifs that are the same width as the strokes that make up the letters. Script, engraved, and display fonts (which are exactly what they sound like) are used when more ornamentation is desired, such as for invitations or t-shirt designs.

You have to know what you want your text to accomplish when you're choosing a typeface. Body text is not usually set in script because it's difficult to read. Road signs don't use funny display fonts because by the time you figured out what all those weird shapes were supposed to mean you'd miss your exit.

If you want to learn more about typography, a good place to start is www.myfonts.com. There you'll find fonts listed by category, and you can type whatever you want and see onscreen how it will look set in different typefaces. There's even a way to upload scanned copy to find out what font was used. Check it out and break out of the Times New Roman/Arial straitjacket!

 

Font Examples

Example of Serif

 

Example of Sans Serif

 

Example of Slab Serif

 

Example of Script

 

Example of Engraved

 

Example of Display

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November 28, 2007
Design Dispatch: Taking My Own Advice

A few weeks ago I was at a walk-in arts and crafts studio, Hands On 4 Kidz, in Gardner, Massachusetts with my two-year-old. I was chatting up the owner and mentioned that I'm a graphic designer. She asked me for my business card, so I confidently whipped out my wallet to find...that I'd run out of business cards. A frantic search of the diaper bag (which for the parents of a toddler is as important to have around as a wallet) didn't turn up any cards either.

Wasn't it just in September I was telling you to keep a supply of business cards with you wherever you go? Didn't I just razz a hairdresser at my gym for having to go out to her car to get a business card for me rather than having some in her gym bag? Well, serve me up a piece of that humble pie. And a side order of crow, please.

It got me thinking of how networking opportunities spring out of nowhere. Now I'm stashing business cards everywhere: my car, purse, briefcase, coat pockets, gym bag, the little bag under the seat on my bicycle, and, of course, the diaper bag.

Think of places where you could put some extra business cards. A golf bag, a toolbox, a beach tote, a laundry bag...any item you take with you to a place where you wouldn't dream of talking shop. Because you just never know when your next networking opportunity will occur. When it happens, you'll want to be ready!

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November 21, 2007
Design Dispatch: Happy Thanksgiving

Thanksgiving is tomorrow and my family and I have a lot to be thankful for. We're healthy and happy and we have a good home and good food. Sadly, though, there are many people in the world who don't get enough to eat. So I thought I'd direct you to some Web sites where you can do your part to help end hunger.

The first two sites listed ask only that you play a fun game or click on a button to make a donation. The food bank sites allow you to make online donations or to find out about volunteering opportunities in your area.

Free Rice
This well-designed site lets you play a vocabulary game. The software adjusts itself for your vocabulary level based on your early responses, so it's suitable for any skill level, from just learning English to collegiate. For each correct answer, the site donates ten grains of rice through the United Nations. The donations are paid for by the advertisers whose banner ads appear on the site.

The Hunger Site
Simply click on a button once a day to donate food to the hungry. You can sign up for an email reminder. The site also promotes a number of great causes, including free trade and disaster relief.

The Greater Boston Food Bank

Worcester County Food Bank
Make donations online or find out about volunteering opportunities.

America's Second Harvest
Go to this site to learn about food banks and volunteer opportunities in your area.

Please take some time to visit these sites to help those less fortunate than ourselves to have a happy Thanksgiving.

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November 14, 2007
Design Dispatch: Get Professional Help

Would you fix your own car if it broke down? Unless you're an experienced mechanic, the answer is probably "NO!" We rely on professionals to provide excellent service that inspires confidence, especially in areas where we have little or no experience. Yet many business owners write their own copy for their marketing materials, even though they're not professional copywriters.

"Copy" is text that appears in such marketing materials as brochures, catalogs, advertisements, direct mail, and Web sites. Professional copywriters write copy that speaks directly to customers, so their style of writing is very different from something you'd find in, say, a magazine article. Good copywriting urges readers to perform a desired action, like buying a product or calling a company for more information. A copywriter gets straight to the point, identifying and addressing the need that the product or service is designed to fulfill.

Bad copy is bad news for marketing materials. I've gotten copy written by business owners that tells the story of the company's founding, lists the equipment they have, talks about Sparky, the office dog, blah, blah, blah. The only question on customers' minds is "What's in it for me?" If the copy doesn't answer this question, it won't be effective. If it reads like the Great American Novel customers will become bored. If it is all about your company, customers won't be able to relate it to their own experiences.

The purpose of marketing materials is to let people know about a company's products and services and to compel people to buy them. Well-crafted copy is every bit as important as good design in spreading the word!

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October 31, 2007
Design Dispatch: The Scariest Design Mistakes!

BOO! It's Halloween and I thought I'd observe the holiday by sharing with you some creepy errors that three designers, including me, made in their work that struck terror into the hearts of their clients and themselves. What you are about to read is true, based on an article in HOW Magazine by Rick Tharp (except my story, which was painfully extracted from my own memory). But be warned. What you are about to read will send chills down your spine. Especially if you have ever been on the receiving end of a — duh-duh-DUUUUMMMMM!!! — scary design mistake!

Sean Adams of AdamsMorioka in Beverly Hills, CA, had a new client, a $7 billion healthcare organization looking for a new identity. AdamsMorioka presented hundreds of ideas to the client. After working with the marketing folks for six months, exploring every possible avenue, they narrowed the field to one logo to present to the CEO. This approach backfired on the designers. The CEO took the logo home and showed it to his industrial design-trained wife, who asked, "Honey, is that all there is? I can do more than that." The next day, the designers were fired. Next time, you can bet Adams and Morioka will wake up and bring the decision-maker into the process long before they narrow the client's design options down to only one.

Designer John Bielenberg's firm was contracted to create a marketing campaign to help introduce insurance policies to large equipment-leasing companies, sellers, and customers. After running a few workshop meetings with the client, the firm determined that a lot of people in this business end up getting screwed. Out of this research, Bielenberg and his copywriter dreamed up a gutsy, award-winning campaign that consisted of three brochures based on the theme "How to get screwed—or, What's wrong with leasing." The brochures read, "Your customer's lease applications were rejected, so you got screwed," and "You didn't read your lease, so you got screwed," and "You didn't understand your lease, so you got screwed." After implementing this campaign, the client did a little research on his own and found that leasing agents were not actually getting screwed at all and that Bielenberg's entire positioning strategy was wrong. In the end, it was Bielenberg who got screwed. The insurance company went out of business, leaving him holding 187,000 shares of worthless stock he took in exchange for his strategy and design fees.

Shortly after graduating from art school, a young Laura Foley was working as a typesetter for a small print shop. She designed a price list for a client that sold bird feeding supplies and, after a number of edits, the client approved the artwork and the job went to press. This was a fairly large order for the print shop—fifteen hundred double-sided pages printed on a special-order paper using a nonstandard ink, folded to letter size. When the client came in to pick up the finished job, his first question after looking at the sample taped to the outside of the carton was, "What's a 'brid feeder'?" Confused, the sales clerk asked, "Don't you mean 'bird feeder'?" "No," the client responded, "I know what a bird feeder is. But I don't know what a 'brid feeder' is," and he pointed to the price list where, in big, bold letters at the top of the page, the words "BRID FEEDERS" appeared. The price lists were corrected and reprinted at the print shop's expense, and Laura learned to spell check and carefully proofread every job she completed from then on.

Happy Halloween!

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October 17, 2007
Design Dispatch: Online Photos and Intellectual Property Rights

I recently read a blog written by a man named Eirik Solheim who was shocked when he discovered a photograph of his son in a magazine advertisement. He had posted the photo online and it was charming enough to attract the attention of a graphic designer, who downloaded it without permission and used it in her ad layout.

He immediately contacted the editor of the magazine, who gave him the names of the advertiser and the designer who had created the ad. When Mr. Solheim spoke with the designer to find out why she had used the image, she said she had found it "on the Internet." She and the manager of the design agency where she works didn't indicate that they were aware of intellectual property rights or that they were breaking any laws. In fact, they were very rude and unapologetic to Mr. Solheim, prompting him to begin legal proceedings against the agency.

Just because an image is on a Web site doesn't mean that it's being made available for free download. Photographers earn a living by selling the rights to use their photographs. And the subjects of professionally shot photographs sign model release forms that grant permission for people to use the pictures commercially or artistically. Downloading photographs from the Web without asking or paying for them is stealing and, in some cases, could be construed as identity theft.

If you're tempted to download and publish a photograph without permission...don't. You could be opening yourself or your company up to a lawsuit. Intellectual property issues and copyright battles are big news lately (consider the recent $220K finding against Jammie Thomas of Minneapolis who distributed copyrighted music on peer-to-peer file-sharing networks), and rightly so. Besides, how would you feel if you came across a photograph of yourself in some advertisement? It's creepy...and wrong.

Click here to read Mr. Solheim's blog about the theft of his son's photograph.

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October 3, 2007
Design Dispatch: Will This Marketing Never Cease?

When do you market your business? If you're like many people, the answer is probably something along the lines of, "When I need to drum up some business." The answer should be, "All the time."

The worst time to start marketing is when you need work. During these lean times, it's common to want to lower your prices or offer to work "on spec" (i.e., "for free") to give people a sample of the products or services you provide. Face it, if you're desperate you'll want to do anything to get some business! But those low prices and giveaways will come back to haunt you. Your new clients will be shocked when you start billing at your normal rate!

You should always have some kind of marketing campaign in place that doesn't take much of an effort and that runs without your constant supervision. It can be as simple as an emailed newsletter, such as this one, or the occasional handwritten note to an existing customer. These efforts should be made even when you're crazy-busy with work. That way, you'll be able to follow up when times are leaner.

Yes, it takes discipline to continue marketing your business when you're in the middle of a big job or trying to meet a major deadline. But just as a job seeker must never stop sending out resumes, you must never stop marketing. It will keep those down times to a minimum!

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September 19, 2007
Design Dispatch: Business Card Basics

Business cards are one of the most important marketing tools you can use to get the word out about your business. They're small, portable, and can be loaded with information about the products or services your company provides. Here's how to get the most out of them:

  • GET CUSTOM CARDS PRINTED: These days, there's just no excuse for not having a business card, since they can be designed and produced inexpensively by any number of online business card companies or copy shops.
  • REPRINT OUTDATED BUSINESS CARDS: If you've switched phone numbers, moved, been promoted, gotten a new logo, or something else about your company or contact information has changed, order some new business cards. Nothing looks less professional than a business card with crossed-out information. And Wite-Out is not an option, either!
  • ALWAYS CARRY A SUPPLY OF BUSINESS CARDS WITH YOU: Anytime, anyplace, you should be able to put your hands on at least one of your business cards. You never know when your next networking opportunity will arise. Put some in your wallet or purse right now!
  • GET YOUR CLIENTS TO HELP: Word-of-mouth advertising is a very effective way of getting new business. Why not provide satisfied clients with a supply of your business cards to give to their friends and colleagues? Some will do it just for the asking, but offering a referral bonus will give them added incentive!
  • GIVE 'EM AWAY: Business cards are like seeds: you have to plant a lot of them to get results! Don't hang on to your cards because they were "expensive to print" or you're saving them for the "right customer." You should be going through your box of business cards like it's going out of style!

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September 5, 2007
Design Dispatch: What is an Enhanced PDF?

More and more companies these days are putting PDF files (sometimes referred to as "Acrobat files") on their Web sites for their customers to download. Just about any piece of marketing collateral can be made into a PDF: brochures, sales sheets, manuals, catalogs, etc. It's an inexpensive way to extend the reach of your marketing. But it's possible to make these powerful little files even more effective.

An enhanced PDF includes extras such as links to Web sites, navigation, and fillable form fields. Enhanced PDFs provide a better experience for your customers, enabling them to find information quickly and easily.

Consider a PDF version of a catalog. A regular PDF is similar to a printed catalog in that it's possible only to leaf through the pages. But an enhanced PDF can actually drive sales by linking to specific areas of your Web site or allowing one-click emails. And a PDF file with bookmarks and a dynamic index is very easy to navigate; a click on a page number or product name brings the viewer to the correct page in the document.

Enhanced PDF forms are convenient for customers. Rather than printing forms and filling them out by hand, customers enter information using text fields, check boxes, and radio buttons (where only one selection is possible from a series of choices). The form is then printed, yielding legible results that cut your processing time.

If you're not using enhanced PDFs, you're not taking full advantage of this incredible technology!

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August 22, 2007
Design Dispatch: Photos Don't Lie, Do They?

Most photographs that appear in print undergo some sort of alteration. This process, called retouching, is done all the time, often to correct problems involving lighting, unwanted reflections, color balance, etc. But this common practice can yield shocking results if taken to the extreme.

The July issue of Redbook magazine featured country singer Faith Hill on the cover. Soon after its publication, the original photograph of the singer came to light. Among other things, the photo editor had erased Ms. Hill's crow's feet, thinned her arm, added more hair, and removed moles. The retouched photo seemed to be of a woman at least ten years younger. Many are crying foul, accusing Redbook of perpetuating the myth of the perfect woman, creating standards of beauty that nobody can realistically achieve.

Journalistic photo retouching scandals are nothing new. In February 1982, a retouched photograph of the pyramids of Egypt was featured on the cover of National Geographic. Two pyramids had been moved closer together to make the photo better fit the magazine's vertical format. And the Soviet Politburo made a habit of changing history by adding and deleting people from photographs as they gained or fell out of favor.

Just because you can "improve" a photograph doesn't necessarily mean that you should. If you use photography to sell your product or service, make sure that you aren't creating an idealized, false reality that could hurt your business should the truth be known!

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August 1, 2007
Design Dispatch: Web Sites that Blather

When you look at an advertisement, chances are you look first at the image, then the headline, and lastly the text. If there's too much text you probably skip to the end to find the contact information or just stop reading, right? Well, the same goes for Web sites.

I've seen some commercial Web sites that treat their pages like the owners' personal blogs. They go on and on about the proud history of the company, the interesting things that happen in their community, detailed biographies of the employees, etc., etc., etc. The encyclopedic prose, while informative if one has a spare hour or two to read it, is generally passed over.

When people visit commercial Web sites they generally just skim the text. So if the text on your Web site is too dense, no one will read it. Worse, if the text pushes such essentials as navigation and contact information out of the main viewing area (the area that can be seen without scrolling), many people won't bother sticking around. They'll just surf until they find a more user-friendly site.

Take an objective look at your Web site. If you squint your eyes, are the important points you're trying to make still visible? Or are you relying on viewers to gain insight to your marketing message by thoroughly reading the copy from start to finish. Think short sentences and bullet points...people rarely want to curl up with a good Web site!

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July 11, 2007
Design Dispatch: "Make it Look Nice"

Oh, how I dread hearing the phrase, "Just make it look nice." As direction goes it's pretty open to interpretation. I can't tell you how many times I've been asked to rework "nice" designs. It's costly to design this way, both in wasted time and dollars spent.

I understand that you don't always know how you want something to look. After all, isn't that why you hire me in the first place? But there are three simple things you can do to help me to help you:

  1. TELL ME WHO YOU WANT TO REACH. That way I can tailor the design to suit your target audience, capturing their attention and driving the results you want. For example, if I were designing a brochure for a snowboarding company it wouldn't look anything like a brochure for a funeral home. I can make both of them look "nice," but in very different ways.
  2. SHOW ME WHAT YOU LIKE. Any time you run across an advertisement, brochure, direct mail piece, Web site, etc. you like, save it. Granted, not everything you like will suit all of your own project needs, but reviewing examples of good design can facilitate the design discussion.
  3. TELL ME WHAT YOU WANT. Do you want to publicize your great new product? Are you hoping to increase Web traffic? Are you asking customers to complete a survey? Do you want to clarify a complicated process? If I don't know what your goals are, I can't create effective designs.

All three areas should be addressed in the initial design meeting. By doing your homework before this meeting you'll save time and money in the long run. And you'll end up with designs that not only look "nice" but get the results you want!

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June 27, 2007
Design Dispatch: What Color Is Your Logo?

In May I was working on some PowerPoint presentations for a client of mine. At the beginning of the project, we spent a lot of time designing the template that was to be used by all the divisions of the company. And one of the problems we encountered was how to make their logo stand out on this template.

As is common for PowerPoint documents, we decided upon a dark background to make it easier on the eyes when viewed as an overhead presentation. I chose tints of the blue used in their logo, to reinforce their brand. But there was a problem. The part of the logo that was the same color as the background vanished, leaving only the lighter parts of the logo visible.

I checked with the company's marketing manager to see if their designer had provided them with a light-colored logo to use against dark backgrounds. Unfortunately, he had not. So I had to come up with a way to make the logo stand out from the background. After exploring many different solutions we decided on a faint glow and drop shadow for the logo, which made it legible against the dark blue background.

It's important to your company's brand identity that there are versions of your logo that can be used in any situation (e.g., print, on-screen, embroidered). That way, your logo will have a consistent look no matter what the application. Otherwise you leave design decisions to people who might not understand the importance of having a logo look the same no matter how it's presented.

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June 13, 2007
Design Dispatch: Design Standards Manuals

Logos and corporate identities help companies communicate their professionalism and standing in their fields. The correct usage of the corporate identity — logos, colors, design templates, etc. — is essential for reinforcing a company's brand. But often the importance of this is lost on anyone outside of the marketing department. So a roadmap called a design standards manual is provided so that everyone in the company can help to reinforce the brand.

A design standards manual tells people how to properly use the elements of a company's corporate identity system: logo, tagline, corporate typefaces, corporate colors, design templates, etc. Sometimes it provides background on the design process. Most importantly, it stresses the importance of following the rules to strengthen the brand.

These standards might seem arbitrary or overly detailed to people not directly involved in marketing. But part of building a brand is consistently using the corporate identity in order to avoid confusion in the minds of stakeholders. If logos, corporate colors, and design templates are altered at will, it makes a company seem fragmented or unprofessional. And companies don't spend good money on corporate identity systems to be perceived in that way!

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May 23, 2007
Design Dispatch: The Logo, the Whole Logo, and Nothing But the Logo

A company's logo is the result of a lengthy design process. Every aspect of the logo — its form, its color, its size — was studied and arrived upon by numerous revision cycles, meetings, and focus groups. The logo is a company's identity.

People sometimes view a logo as something they can manipulate in any way they want. If they're designing a brochure and there's too much text, they might shrink the logo until it fits, even if that makes it illegible. Sometimes they'll divide a logo into parts and use them here and there. Or they'll change the colors of the logo. "Gee, the logo is gray and green? It would look much cooler if it were magenta and chartreuse!"

A logo represents a sizable investment for a company. Using a logo consistently across all marketing channels to reinforce their brand is how companies make good on this investment. Every time a logo is altered — broken up, resized disproportionately, colored differently, layered with other text or graphics, or used in a manner inconsistent with its design — the brand becomes diluted and the company looks unprofessional.

If you are in doubt about how to properly use your logo, ask your marketing department for a copy of your company's design standards manual (you'll learn more about design standards manuals in the next Design Dispatch). Make sure that every use of your company's logo strengthens your brand!

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May 9, 2007
Design Dispatch: Watermarks

A recent episode of NBC's The Office had everybody scrambling when an obscene watermark was created by a disgruntled employee. I'm sure that plot line had everyone in the graphic arts industry doubled over — I know I was laughing my head off over it! But what is a watermark anyway?

A watermark is a translucent design on a sheet of paper that is visible when the paper is held up to the light. Watermarks commonly identify the mill where the paper was manufactured and other information such as the paper's cotton content, recycled content, and weight.

Watermarks are created in the paper manufacturing process, either during or just after the molding stage. During paper molding, the wet paper pulp is poured into a mold that contains a watermark form. Since the watermark form is slightly raised from the bottom of the mold, the layer of pulp over it is thinner. After the molding stage a watermark can be pressed onto a newly formed sheet of paper by a metal roller. Either way, thinner paper is less opaque than thicker paper, which makes the watermark stand out.

A watermarked sheet of paper is more expensive than a plain one, so it adds sophistication to any printed piece. It can cost several thousand dollars to order paper with a custom watermark since special molds or stamps have to be designed and you have to order a lot of paper to make it worthwhile for the paper mill. However, there's a much less expensive process whereby designs can be chemically etched into paper. I've seen this service offered online for as few as 1,000 sheets and a few hundred dollars.

A custom watermark, such as a company logo, is a subtle, elegant effect for corporate invitations or any marketing piece that you wanted to give a certain cachet.

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April 25, 2007
Design Dispatch: Newsletters

A newsletter is a powerful marketing tool that enables your company to share knowledge with your stakeholders: customers, vendors, employees, etc. Newsletters are usually offered at no cost and contain helpful information on topics a company specializes in.

Naturally, companies don't publish newsletters out of a purely altruistic desire to increase the sum of human knowledge. Newsletters are important marketing tools that can raise your company's profile while offering something of value to the consumer. It's understood that the tacit message of most newsletters is, "Our company is providing you with free information. Please think of us the next time you need XYZ product or service." But of course it's never stated as blatantly as that!

Like any piece of direct mail, a newsletter should be written with the reader's interests in mind. I've seen some newsletters packed with articles about how great the company is, all the hard work its employees do, yadda yadda yadda. The principle of WIIFM? (What's in it for me?) applies to newsletters, so try to focus your articles on items of genuine interest to the reader while subtly reinforcing your company's marketing message.

If your company doesn't publish a newsletter, then you should look into developing one. It doesn't even have to be printed or have lots of pictures — take this newsletter for example! It keeps your company at the top of your stakeholders' minds, where you want it to be when it comes time for them to order your product or service!

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April 11, 2007
Design Dispatch: Am I Blue?

A buddy of mine who's a print buyer reported hearing this protest from one of his clients. It was a reaction to a type of proof called a blueline.

A blueline is made by sandwiching the film that will be used to make offset printing plates between a sheet of glass and photosensitive paper and exposing it to light. It's called a blueline because all of the elements on the paper are blue. The paper becomes yellowish when exposed to light. Bluelines, therefore, are not used to check the colors on a print job.

However, bluelines are useful for catching last-minute edits to a job before it goes to press. It is costly to correct errors at the blueline stage, since the film for the job has already been run, but it’s a lot less expensive than catching errors on-press. It is kind of a fail-safe proof, a final check before a job goes to press.

Bluelines are usually only created for large-run offset printing jobs, not small jobs and never for digital printing (because no film is used in the digital printing process). It’s rare for clients to be asked to approve bluelines, as these are generally used to catch technical errors rather than editorial ones and they can be confusing to the uninitiated. But now if you're ever asked to proof a blueline, you won't be caught off-guard!

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March 28, 2007
Design Dispatch: Death by PowerPoint

How much PowerPoint is too much? Well, a couple of weeks ago my husband attended a weeklong training session at work. During this time he listened to many speakers present a variety of topics, each relying on a PowerPoint presentation to support what he was saying. The worst session, he said, was the one with the 152-page PowerPoint presentation. No, that's not a typo; the presentation had one hundred and fifty-two pages.

Naturally, by the end of this presentation everyone in the room, with the exception of the speaker, was squirming. Can you imagine how boring it must have been going through slide after slide of information! I can just picture the dense paragraphs of text and intricate drawings representing complex concepts.

Ideally, PowerPoint presentations are meant to support what the speaker is saying by highlighting important information with brief bullet points and clear graphics. Presentations that go into minute detail have another name: they're called "books."

Ask someone outside of your organization to take an objective look at your PowerPoint presentations. If he begins to glaze over, chances are your audience will too. And consider this: I asked my husband what he remembered of the presentation. "Nothing," he replied.

Check out the PowerPoint version of Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. It's a brilliant send-up of how PowerPoint can destroy even the most moving of speeches.

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March 14, 2007
Design Dispatch: Mockups

In this age of computer-aided graphic design, people have come to rely on electronic proofing methods such as proofing documents online and PDF files. This is good in some ways: proof cycles are shortened and proofs can be sent to clients without the designer having to move Heaven and Earth to get to the courier on time to send hard copies! But nothing can replace the good old mockup for visualizing how a finished piece will look.

A mockup (or "comp" as it's also called) is a facsimile of what a finished, printed document will look like. It is created by printing out the document at full size, then piecing it together to form a finished-looking booklet, business card, pocket folder, etc. While mockups are seldom printed on the actual stock chosen for the job, it gives clients and designers alike a chance to preview how the design will work in the real world.

Mockups are particularly valuable for revealing mistakes that are not often obvious on-screen. For instance, you might discover that a brochure doesn't fit into the intended envelope, or that the cool font you liked as a headline looks terrible when used for the body text of your brochure.

You should definitely consider requesting a mockup (or several, if needed) for large jobs. Time and again, mockups prove their worth by inexpensively bringing designs to life before you commit to the expensive print run!

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February 21, 2007
Design Dispatch: Reading Between the Lines

I was recently asked by a client to get some posters for his trade show booth. When I told him that I had a vendor who could do large-format printing the client asked, "So I just give them my business card and they can make the poster?" It was then that I realized that many people don't know exactly how to express their graphic design needs.

Part of a graphic designer's job is translating what a client is asking for into visual communication that he can actually use. So I knew that my client wasn't in fact asking for an enlarged, blurry rendition of his business card (which is exactly what he would have gotten if he had approached the vendor himself with this request). What he needed was his logo, enlarged to poster size. He also wanted the poster to tell customers the name of his company, provide contact information, and show a photograph of some of his products.

A good graphic designer often will not take a client's requests at face value. Instead, she will ask questions to ascertain what the client is really asking for and to advise him as to whether or not he will benefit from it. As with any consultant, a graphic designer can use her years of experience to steer her clients toward good investments and away from bad ones.

Just as I don't bring my car into the shop and give the mechanic a detailed analysis of what the problem is and how I want them to fix it, I don't expect my clients to have the exact vocabulary to express their needs. It is only through thoughtful discussion and analysis that I can read between the lines of my clients' requests, making sure they get both what they are asking for and what they truly need.

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February 7, 2007
Design Dispatch: One Man's Guerrilla Marketing is Another Man's Terrorist Plot

Aqua Teen Hunger Force. If you'd never heard of them before, you probably found out about them last Wednesday, January 31. That's when the city of Boston practically shut itself down as authorities scrambled to remove what they thought were "incendiary devices" but which turned out to be harmless light-up displays depicting a cartoon character from the Aqua Teen Hunger Force cartoon show.

These displays, installed concurrently in ten major US cities, were part of a guerrilla marketing campaign launched by a New York City advertising firm, Interference Inc., on behalf of Turner Broadcasting, the producer of the show. People in each of these cities were hired to install the displays all over town, generating buzz for the cartoon show and an upcoming movie. Unfortunately, one of the cities they chose for this campaign was Boston. You know, the city from which two 9/11 planes took off. You think Boston is paranoid? You'd better believe it, and with good reason. When the authorities responded to what they perceived as a bomb threat it snarled traffic for miles and struck fear into the hearts of many.

They say that "all ink is good ink." But is it? It's true that the campaign probably raised awareness of the Aqua Teen Hunger Force. It might have increased viewership of the show and ensured a larger turnout for the Aqua Teen Hunger Force movie (at least for the target demographic). But it cost Turner Broadcasting $2M USD to settle with the city of of Boston. They took out full-page advertisements in several Boston newspapers apologizing for the publicity stunt. The negative publicity resulting from the campaign is something from which Turner Broadcasting won't quickly recover.

There's nothing wrong with grass-roots — or guerrilla — marketing. It's inexpensive, usually witty, and easy to do. Just make sure that if you launch a guerrilla marketing campaign you think through all the possible results of your actions. What might seem clever and edgy to you might legitimately frighten others. And although campaigns like this can certainly generate a lot of publicity they can also cause ill will and create a consumer backlash against your company.
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January 31, 2007
Design Dispatch: Bitmapped vs. Vector Logos

Your company logo file is probably present on one or all of your office computers. So if you need to order printed materials such as business cards, letterheads, or brochures you all you have to do is send that file to the printer and he'll take care of the rest, right? Well...yes, but it might cost you more than you think.

It's likely that you have your company logo in GIF, JPEG, or TIF format. Which is fine for when you use your logo in PowerPoint, Word, or internal office documents. But it's not the format that commercial printers use for offset printing.

The problem with GIF, JPEG, and TIF files is that these are bitmap formats. When GIFs, JPEGs, and TIFs are enlarged they become pixilated, that is they develop jagged edges. And the way bitmapped graphics handle color is problematic when it's time to get them printed.

Commercial printers need your logo in vector format such as EPS, AI (Adobe Illustrator), or WMF. This enables them to print your logo in your corporate colors at any size needed, whether it's for a business card or a billboard. If you supply them with a bitmapped file, then they will need to re-create it as a vector file. This, of course, is not a free service!

So yes, it's possible to print your logo from whatever file format you're able to supply. But some formats are less expensive than others!

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January 24, 2007
Design Dispatch: Looking Down at Trade Shows

Creating a trade show booth is a lot like designing the interior of a store. Usually the rental of a trade show booth gets you floor space, curtain dividers, a banquet table, and a couple of metal folding chairs. It's up to you to pretty it up.

Everybody knows about getting large-format banners and posters to spruce up their booths. And I hope I don't need to tell you to use tablecloths and table skirts! But the devil's in the details, and it's easy to overlook an important aspect of your booth—the floor.

The recent World of Wheels expo was held at the Bayside Expo Center in Boston, Massachusetts. Know what the floor is like there? It's concrete. That's boring to look at and brutal to stand on all day long. Many exhibitors dressed up their booths with tile flooring. The booth with Lightning McQueen (from the movie Cars) was carpeted. That was good news for all the parents and kids who knelt next to this famous race car for a photo!

It's true that many exhibitors don't worry about what the floor of their trade show booths look like. But booths that have finished floors look more professional, inviting, and credible.

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January 17, 2007
Design Dispatch: Copyrights and Wrongs

I recently read an online article that describes how non-designers can make their own logos. "Use anything from old coupons, receipts, tickets, and maps to pages from magazines and clip-art books as the foundation to finding the right fonts and images for your logo," it instructs. But one thing the article never mentions is copyright.

Copyright in the most basic sense is the ownership of artists' creative output such as stories, drawings, photographs, and works of art. These things don't need the copyright symbol (©) in order to have copyright protection; by virtue of their creation they are afforded a copyright. It is immoral (the artist doesn't get paid) and illegal (the artist could sue you for copyright infringement) to use someone else's artwork in your own logo.

If a logo created for personal use incorporates, say, an image of Mickey Mouse, the Walt Disney Company is probably not going to send you a "cease and desist" letter (although it would be within their rights to do so). On the other hand, if your Mickey Mouse logo is for your new widget company and you've used it on all your marketing materials, packaging, signage, and Web site, you'd better get a good lawyer.

As a rule of thumb, you can assume that anything that has been printed, broadcast, published, or put on the Web is copyrighted unless it is explicitly stated that this is not the case. If you're in doubt as to whether an image is copyright-free, then do a little research or find another image.

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January 10, 2007
Design Dispatch: Apple Does It Again

Yesterday Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple, announced a revolutionary new product at MacWorld in San Francisco: the iPhone. This device is more than just a combination of an iPod with a cell phone. The iPhone is small — about the size and shape of a bar of chocolate — yet packs many robust features. Using newly-developed touchscreen technology it will allow users to surf the Web using Apple's Safari browser rather than some crippled cell phone interface. It includes a two-megapixel camera. The screen adjusts itself when the device is rotated. A QWERTY keyboard and a number pad appear when needed. In short, Apple once again has provided the world with an invention it didn't know it wanted but which everyone will "need" once it hits the shelves. And they have no doubt started another new design trend.

In 1998 Apple did just that when it launched its new iMac. You remember them — they were translucent white and turquoise and entirely self-contained. They were so wildly popular that industrial designers of all stripes began ripping off (oh...excuse me..."were informed by") the colors and design. Among other products we started to see household appliances — toasters, irons, etc. — using this familiar translucent white/blue combination.

Designers of all types — industrial designers, fashion designers, graphic designers — follow trends to create products that will be successful in the marketplace. It will be interesting to see how this latest Apple invention will influence designers in years to come.

And oh, by the way, yes I DO use a Mac. No, I am NOT flogging their latest product. Just admiring its slick design!

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January 3, 2007
Design Dispatch: Logos With Impact

Funny how much the Korean Air logo...
...looks like the Pepsi logo!

Korean Air jet

Korean Air jet

Photo © 2006 Brian Lockett
© PepsiCo Inc.

 

Ah, from the mouths of babes...

This morning my four-year-old son, Henry, was looking at the latest issue of Air and Space magazine. He saw a photograph of a bunch of planes lined up at Heathrow, pointed to one, and said, "Look, here's the soda plane!" I looked at the photo and saw that the logo on the tailfin of a Korean Air jet looked very similar to the Pepsi logo.

If a four-year-old kid can correctly associate a logo with a company it speaks volumes for the success of that logo!

A logo's success can be traced to two things: a great design and exposure. Well designed logos are simple, elegant, and use distinctive colors. And a logo gains exposure, of course, from repeated applications across all kinds of media, such as print collateral, vehicle graphics, uniforms, and advertising.

Maybe your product or service isn't geared toward four-year-olds. But your logo should be so bold, so eye-catching, so simple that even a child can recognize it.

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December 27, 2006
Design Dispatch: Letterpress Printing

Letterpress printing is the process of inking raised areas of a block or type and pressing it into a sheet of paper. Letterpress creates a very distinctive look that can elevate any printed piece into the realm of sophistication.

The process was invented in China sometime during the 4th–7th century AD. At first, large wooden blocks were carved to create printing plates. Later, in the 11th century, the Chinese developed movable type. This was no less than a printing revolution, since the type could be endlessly rearranged into new compositions. Interestingly, letterpress printing was re-invented in the 1400s in Europe by Johannes Gutenberg. It is thought that Gutenberg developed his invention independently and had no knowledge of Chinese printing.

In the early days of letterpress printing, individual pieces of metal type were cast and composed. Nowadays photopolymer plates can be created from computer files, making letterpress a medium of the 21st century.

The next time you are looking for an elegant way to convey your company's message — such as an invitation to a company-sponsored event, a keepsake from the event, or a limited-edition art print — consider letterpress printing.

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December 20, 2006
Design Dispatch: Paper Can Make the Difference

It used to be that glossy white paper was very expensive to specify for print jobs. But the advent of digital printing and low-cost four-color printing has made it a lot more affordable and a lot more common. Now it seems like everybody has marketing materials — brochures, white papers, sales sheets, business cards, etc. — printed on glossy white paper or card stock. Ho-hum.

When was the last time someone gave you a business card printed on chipboard? How many brochures have you seen that were printed on a textured recycled paper? Did you receive any black custom-printed presentation folders this year? Chances are you haven't seen many marketing materials like these. Neither have your customers.

Specifying an unusual type of paper for your marketing materials might cost a little bit more and add a little extra time to the production schedule. But these minor drawbacks are offset by the unique look of your marketing materials. After all, standing out in a crowd is what successful marketing materials do!.

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December 6, 2006
Design Dispatch: What's In It for Me?

We've all seen marketing collateral written something like this:

"Steve's Suits has been in business serving the area for over fifteen years. Our dedicated staff and state-of-the-art equipment ensure that we get the job done right! And we have earned the 'Best Work Environment' award from Kudos magazine for two years in a row!"

Yeah, that's great. Who cares? What's in it for me?

"What's in it for me?" is what your customers are asking when they read your marketing collateral. If you don't answer this question with concrete examples about how your company's product or service can help with a real need, then you're just writing a puff piece about how wonderful your company is. You need to put yourself in your customers' shoes so that you can write marketing copy that will translate into action.

Here's that example, rewritten with the customer in mind:

"You're a busy professional with no time to waste shopping for clothes. Why not let the experienced tailors at Steve's Suits custom-make the perfect suit for you? Call for your complimentary fitting today. We'll take all your measurements then help you choose from over 50 different types of fabrics as we work together to create a form-fitting, personalized suit. Our fifteen years in business and our state-of-the-art equipment ensure a quality suit — that's our guarantee."

Now the copy speaks to the customer ("You're," "you") and addresses a real need (to get quality suits without wasting time). It includes a "call to action," which is what you want the customer to do ("Call for your..."). It also touches on Steve's Suits' years in business and their state-of-the-art equipment. The award isn't mentioned because it doesn't translate into a benefit for the customer.

Writing to your customers, rather than at them, will help you get the return on your marketing dollars you're looking for.

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November 20, 2006
Design Dispatch: Happy Thanksgiving! Or Maybe Happy Groundhog Day...

Here in the United States, Thanksgiving kicks off the so-called holiday season. Whether it’s because of Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa, Eid, or some other observance, the months of November and December see a spike in mailed correspondence. Everybody wants to wish everybody else a happy/merry/festive/joyous/prosperous whatever.

Traditionally, it’s the time of year we all start to receive greeting cards and calendars from the companies we do business with. These usually end up on the walls of our homes and offices, adrift in a sea of other cards sent by legions of well wishers. At the end of the season they all end up in the same place: the trash (or the recycle bin!).

Why do companies always insist on sending cards during this “holiday season”? Wouldn’t your company stand out more if it sent out Halloween cards? Or how about cards for Groundhog Day (February 2), April Fool’s Day (April 1), Earth Day (April 22), or Administrative Assistants’ Day (the Wednesday of the last full week of April)?

Next year, try sending out greeting cards for a holiday that you don’t usually associate with greeting cards. If you can choose a holiday that somehow ties in with your product or service, all the better! Your card won’t get lost in the shuffle and, if you’re creative enough, could generate goodwill, leads, or sales!

That said, happy Thanksgiving everyone!

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November 15, 2006
Design Dispatch: Direct Mail to a Captive Audience

Direct mail can be a very effective use of your advertising budget. When you send a targeted message to a specific list the response rate can be quite good. Chances are you probably already have an excellent customer database and the means to send them your pitch inexpensively. How, you ask? Statement inserts!

Think about it. You’re already sending statements in the mail to your customers. Why not enclose an offer in the same envelope? As long as everything weighs in at under an ounce, you won’t need additional postage.

There are some things to keep in mind with statement inserts. First, limit your pitch to a reasonably priced product or service. Since the customer is getting a bill, he won’t be receptive to shelling out big bucks for something else. Also if you have more than one item of interest, group them on a single insert, either a folded page or a flat sheet. And make sure that if you include a form leave enough room for the customer to write. Nobody likes trying to squish lots of information into a tiny space!

Statement inserts are not a substitute for a well-executed direct mail campaign. But they’re a great, inexpensive way to supplement your marketing efforts!

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November 8, 2006
Design Dispatch: Logo Re-Redesign

Redesigning a corporate logo is a major undertaking, especially for large, well-established companies. After the new logo has been created it must be reviewed internally and externally to ensure that there will be no infringement on existing logos. Once the new logo has been decided upon it has to be applied to every piece of marketing collateral a company has — business cards, stationery, Web sites, PowerPoint presentations, uniforms, vehicles, promotional giveaways…you get the idea! Mistakes can be costly, both in the actual dollars spent executing the change and in negative public relations. Last year, Quark, Inc. learned this the hard way.

This manufacturer of graphic design software unveiled its new logo in September 2005 with much fanfare. But it didn’t take long for the design community to notice the new logo’s striking similarity to that of the Scottish Arts Council. And there were other very similar logos for different companies that came to light soon after. Soon the jeering got to be too much for Quark so they had to start all over again and come up with something new. The redesigned logo was released in March 2006.

Quark logos

Nobody’s saying how much this gaffe cost Quark in actual dollars, and it’s impossible to know how much it cost in goodwill. So if your company is considering a logo redesign, make sure you allocate the time and resources to thoroughly research the new logo before committing to it. It’s a hassle, to be sure, but it’s much more painful to correct a bad logo after it’s been made public.

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November 1, 2006
Design Dispatch: Color My World

I recently made a batch of scary bug crackers for my son’s school Halloween party. I dyed the cream cheese bright green and the creepy snacks were a big hit. But when I made a turkey sandwich using some of the leftover green cheese, I could hardly look at it because I was afraid I’d lose my appetite!

Color evokes powerful emotions in us all. And the color choices you make for your visual communications may be appropriate for one venue but not for another, as illustrated by my example.

For instance, if your company makes a high-tech product, its colors and packaging are probably not brown, gold, and dark green. These colors bring to mind the fall season and harvest time. And to people who grew up in the 70s it reminds them of appliances painted in hideous shades of “chocolate,” “harvest gold,” and “avocado.” These colors certainly do not connote speed, modernity, and cutting edge. A better palette would include ultramarine blue, silver, and black — the colors of technology and precision.

When deciding on color schemes for your products, packaging, and marketing materials consider the impact you want these to have on your audience. Just because a color is trendy or stands out doesn’t mean it’s appropriate for your particular use. Make sure that your palette is suitable for your project.

Click on these links to learn more about the psychology of color:
http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-meaning.html
http://www.pantone.com/products/products.asp?idArticle=112&idArea=16

(Including these links is not an endorsement of QSX Software Group or Pantone, Inc., respectively.)

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October 25, 2006
Design Dispatch: The Power of Branding

“You see that M? You see that M that’s yellow? That’s Old McDonald’s!”

He may have a different name for it, but my four-year-old son recognized a McDonald’s restaurant from its “golden arches” logo. He also knows what the Dunkin’ Donuts and Hood logos look like. The fact that a pre-literate child can correctly identify corporate logos speaks volumes for the power of branding.

A company’s logo often acts as an ambassador, the first “handshake” that a prospective customer or other stakeholder receives. Successful logos are clean, strong, and immediately associated with their companies. They use bold colors and abstracted shapes to communicate a company’s message.

Does your logo convey, simply and powerfully, the essence of your company? Does it stand out against your competitors’ logos? Or is it mired in a tangle of words or a literal depiction of the goods or services you provide? Try to see your logo as a child might, without reading any of the words it may contain, to assess whether or not your logo is working. Remember, in the language of logos, less is more. Just ask “Old McDonald.”

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October 11, 2006
Design Dispatch: Cropping Photos Effectively

I don’t know what’s so sacred about photography, but if you ask the average person to cut up their pictures they go all weird on you. Graphic designers cut up photos all the time and never think twice about it. Cutting pictures, or “cropping” as it’s called, is a way to focus the viewer on the subject of the picture or to direct attention away from distracting details. It’s also a way of eliminating elements of a picture you’d rather not show.

Most software cropping tools cut photographs into square or rectangular shapes. Some software, such as Photoshop, allows you to rotate the crop area, which gives you extra flexibility to eliminate unwanted areas. If you really would prefer an oval, round, or other random shape for your photograph consider an old-school solution: cut an actual photograph with scissors, a craft knife, or scrapbooking tools and scan the resulting shape.

Even if you don’t have Photoshop you can still find a cropping tool in many other software packages, such as Microsoft Word and PowerPoint.

Cropping can make an otherwise dull photograph into a sizzler. So don’t be afraid to cut out the parts you don’t want!

Hamma in crowd
Hamma cropped

Before Cropping: We want to focus on Chris, in the white shirt, but our eyes are drawn to the man wearing blaze orange. Whose head is that in the foreground, anyway?

 

After Cropping: Here’s what we want this picture to convey...victory!

Michele in kitchen
Michele cropped

Before Cropping: Sure, the kitchen is nice, but if I wanted to see that then I’d have asked Michele to get out of the way.

 

After Cropping: Look at that smile!

Happy couple
Woman

Before Cropping: Here’s a happy couple. But what if you only wanted a photograph of the woman? And that half-a-kid is waaaay too distracting.

After Cropping: Here she is! I rotated the crop area so that she doesn’t appear to be looking up.

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October 4, 2006
Design Dispatch: How to Throw Your Marketing Budget Away

Big companies spend millions of marketing dollars on television ads, print collateral, newspaper circulars, and Web sites. Companies like these have large marketing departments whose mission is to get the word out about their products or services while strengthening the companies’ brand identity. So how does a giant like Staples throw their marketing budget away?

When you think about Staples you probably envision their signature red and white logo, red shirts, and distinctive in-store signage. Maybe you recall their “That Was Easy” advertising campaign and marvel, as I did, that they sell big red buttons that say “That was easy!” when you press them (imagine having customers actually pay to receive your marketing message!). Business cards that have been designed by a student at the local vocational school probably don’t spring to mind, but that’s exactly what the copy center at my local Staples is distributing.

Staples BC

A student-designed card for a
multimillion dollar corporation
...swell!

It gets worse. They have a second version of their card that was designed by a senior staff member that looks totally different. What’s more, both cards are printed crookedly and cut to different sizes. When I asked her why there were two cards and why neither incorporated the Staples logo, she stated that the copy center’s colors are blue and black so that’s what she used in her design. It never occurred to her to follow any company guidelines.

Staples BC2

The Copy Center manager’s design

The message here is clear. If you don’t educate all of your staff members about what a company identity is and why it’s important to keep it consistent, then they’ll go off in any number of different directions when designing things like PowerPoint presentations, brochures, and business cards. In a way, your entire staff is your marketing department, so make sure to involve them in presenting a consistent marketing message. Otherwise you’re just wasting your marketing budget.

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September 27, 2006
Design Dispatch: Typos Are Attractive, But Not In a Good Way

My mother recently purchased a sympathy card for a friend. Imagine her shock at reading an expression of regret at the passing of “loved ons”! She didn’t have time to buy another card, so she had to add the “e” herself with a pen. Hopefully her friend accepted the card in the spirit in which it was given, but I’m sure the correction was hard to ignore.

A single typographical error, or “typo,” can bring down a whole marketing piece, such as an advertisement, brochure, or newsletter. This lack of attention to detail can make it seem like your company just doesn’t care. People tend to think, “Hmmm, if they’re that bad at spelling how good can their product be?”

The key to avoiding embarrassing typos is to proofread, proofread, proofread. When you’re done proofreading a document, hand it off to somebody else and ask him to proof it as well. Make sure that you and your whole staff proofread everything at all stages of development, from the initial writing to the final inspection. Mistakes can occur during all parts of the process, and typos can creep into documents that you’ve already proofread. Remember, it’s much more expensive to fix errors after they’ve been made public, both in a monetary sense and the cost to your company’s reputation!

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